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REC Ltd. நிறுவனத்தின் கணக்கியல் கொள்கைகள்

Mar 31, 2018

1. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

(a) Accounting Convention:- The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and accounting standards as applicable under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with MCA General Circular No. 15/2013 dated 13 September 2013. The financial statements adhere to the relevant presentational requirements of the Companies Act, 2013.

(b) Use of Estimates:- The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumption that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure thereof at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which results materialize.

2. INCOME RECOGNITION, ASSET CLASSIFICATION AND PROVISIONING.

The Company is following regulatory norms/ guidelines as prescribed by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) from time to time. The salient features in respect of Income Recognition, Asset classification and Provisioning are as under:

2.1. Income Recognition

a. Income on Non Performing Assets is recognized as and when received and appropriated. Any such income recognized before the asset becomes non-performing and remaining unrealized is reversed.

Unless otherwise agreed, the recoveries from the borrowers are appropriated in the order of (i) costs and expenses of REC (ii) penal interest including interest tax, if any (iii) overdue interest including interest tax, if any and (iv) repayment of principal, the oldest being adjusted first.

In respect of standard loans including those whose terms are renegotiated/rescheduled/ restructured and retained as Standard Loans, income is recognized on accrual basis.

b. Income of agency fee on Government schemes is recognized on accrual basis on the basis of the services rendered.

c. Income under the head processing fee, upfront fee, lead fee, fees/ charges received under the mutatis-mutandis clause and pre-payment premium is accounted for in the year in which it is received by the company.

d. Income from investments

(1) Income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies and units of mutual funds shall be taken into account on accrual basis when REC’s right to receive payment is established.

Provided that in case of final dividend, right to receive payment shall be considered as established only upon approval of the dividend by the shareholders in Annual General Meeting.

(2) Income from bonds and debentures of corporate bodies and from Government securities/bonds shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

Provided that the interest rate on these instruments is pre-determined and interest is serviced regularly and is not in arrears.

(3) Income on securities of corporate bodies or public sector undertakings, the payment of interest and repayment of principal of which have been guaranteed by Central Government or a State Government shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

2.2 Assets Classification

Loans and advances are classified as standard assets and non- performing assets, based on the guidelines issued by the RBI.

(1) Standard Assets: ‘Standard asset’means an asset which is not an NPA and in respect of which no default in repayment of principal or payment of interest is perceived and which does not disclose any problem or carry more than normal risk attached to the business.

(2) Non performing Assets (NPA): A Loan asset shall become NPA:-

(a) if interest and/ or instalment of principal remains overdue for a period of 3 months or more.

(b) In case of under implementation Generation Projects other than Hydro projects in Himalayan region or affected by natural disasters, the loan Asset shall also be classified as NPA if it fails to commence commercial operations within 2 years or upto 3/4 years (subject to certain conditions) from the original DCCO as the case may be depending upon the reasons of such delay.

(c) For the purpose of classification of assets into standard, sub-standard, doubtful and loss categories, facilities shall be classified borrower wise with the following exception:

Government Sector loans, where cash flows from each project are separately identifiable and applied to the same project, REC shall classify such loans on project wise basis.

NPAs are classified into Sub-Standard, Doubtful and Loss Assets, based on the following criteria.

(i) Sub-Standard Assets: ‘Sub-standard asset’means an asset which has been classified as non-performing asset for a period not exceeding 12 months for the financial year ending 31 March 2018 and thereafter.

An asset which has been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured shall be a sub-standard asset or continue to remain in the same category in which it was prior to its renegotiation or re-schedulement or restructuring, as a doubtful asset or a loss asset as the case may be. Such asset may be upgraded only when all the outstanding loan/ facilities in the account perform satisfactorily during the period up to one year from the commencement of the first payment of interest or principal whichever is later on the credit facility with longest period of moratorium under the terms of restructuring package. Necessary provision is required to be made as applicable to such asset till it is upgraded.

(ii) Doubtful Assets: Doubtful asset means an asset which remains a substandard asset for a period exceeding 12 months for the financial year ending 31 March 2018 and thereafter.

(iii) Loss Assets: Loss asset means -

a) An asset which has been identified as loss asset by REC or its internal or external auditor or by RBI, to the extent it is not written off by REC, and

b) An asset which is adversely affected by a potential threat of non-recoverability due to either erosion in the value of security or non availability of security or due to any fraudulent act or omission on the part of the borrower.

2.3 Provisioning against Loans

The provisioning requirement in respect of loans, advances and other credit facilities including bills purchased and discounted shall be as under:

(i) Loss assets - The entire asset shall be written off. If the assets are permitted to remain in the books for any reason, 100% of the outstanding shall be provided for:

(ii) Doubtful assets -

(a) 100% provision to the extent to which the advance is not covered by the realizable value of the security to which REC has a valid recourse shall be made. The realizable value is to be estimated on a realistic basis; Loans covered by Central/State Govt. guarantee or loans to any State Govt. shall be treated as secured;

(b) In addition to item(a) above, depending upon the period for which the asset has remained doubtful, provision to the extent of 20% to 50% of the secured portion (i.e. estimated realizable value of the outstanding) shall be made on the following basis :-

(iii) Sub-standard assets - A provision of 10% shall be made.

(iv) Standard assets - Provision in respect of Standard Assets is made as below:

2.4 Treatment of Provisions held

The provisions in respect of Non Performing Assets (NPAs) is reversed only after the complete recovery of the outstanding/ regularization of the account.

2.5 For restructured/ rescheduled assets, provisions are made in accordance the guidelines (subject to specific relaxations) issued by RBI, which requires that the difference between the fair value of the loan assets before and after restructuring is provided for, in addition to provision for the respective loan assets.

3. FIXED ASSETS

Fixed Assets are shown at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost includes any cost attributable of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

4. DEPRECIATION

4.1. Depreciation on assets is provided on straight-line method in accordance with the useful lives prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

4.2. Depreciation on assets purchased / sold during the year is charged for the full month if the asset is in use for more than 15 days, instead of charging the same on pro-rata basis from the date of purchase/sale.

4.3. Depreciation on assets purchased during the year up to Rs.5,000/- is provided @ 100%.

4.4. Leasehold land is amortized over the lease period.

5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

An Intangible Asset is recognized where it is probable that the future economic benefits attributable to the assets will flow to the company. The depreciable amount of an intangible asset is allocated on straight line basis over the best estimate of its useful life. Management estimates useful life of intangible assets to be 5 years.

6. INVESTMENTS

Long term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of the investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually. Quoted current investments are carried individually at the cost or market value whichever is lower. Unquoted current investments are carried individually at the cost or fair value whichever is lower.

7. CURRENT TAX AND DEFERRED TAX

Income Tax expense comprises current Income Tax (Amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period) is determined in accordance with Accounting Standard- 22. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantially established by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred Tax Assets are recognized and carry forward to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such Deferred Tax Assets can be realized.

8. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment loss. Recoverable amount is the higher of assets net selling prices and value in use.

9. PROVISIONS

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and reliable estimate of amount of the obligation can be made. Provisions are determined based on management estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates.

10. BOND / DEBT ISSUE

10.1. Expenditure on raising of funds by way of bonds is charged to revenue in the year of issue of such bonds.

10.2. The Corporation discharges its obligation towards payment of principal and interest relating to bonds by depositing the amount in the designated Bank Accounts. Accordingly, the payments are treated as final payments and these amounts are not exhibited in the books till the validity of the instruments but reconciliation thereof is carried out.

10.3. Expenditure incurred on raising of funds is charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss in the year in which it is incurred except the arrangement fee paid on the raising of External Commercial Borrowings, discount/ interest on the Commercial Papers/ Reg-S-Bonds (External Commercial Borrowings), which is amortized proportionately over the period of its tenure.

11. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

11.1. Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, financing and investing activities of the Company are segregated.

11.2. Cash comprises cash on hand, demand deposits with banks, imprest with postal authorities and cheques / drafts / pay orders in hand. The Company considers cash equivalents as all short term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

12. PRIOR PERIOD/ PREPAID ADJUSTMENTS

12.1. Considering the nature of business, interest income/expenditure for the earlier years ascertained and determined during the year is accounted for in the year in which it is so ascertained/determined.

12.2. Other items not exceeding Rs.5,00,000/- in each case are accounted for under natural heads of account.

13. EMPLOYEES BENEFITS

13.1 The liability for employees benefit in respect of Gratuity ascertained on actuarial valuation is provided and funded to a separate trust.

13.2 Post employment and other long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit & Loss for the year in which the employee has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of the amounts payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains and losses in respect of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss.

14. TRANSACTION IN FOREIGN CURRENCY

Foreign Currency transactions are initially recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction.

In respect of accounting periods commencing on or after the 1st April, 2011, the exchange differences arising on reporting of long-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of twelve months or more at the date of origination) at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg, different from those at which they were initially recorded during the period, or reported in previous financial statements, are accumulated in a “Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account” and amortized over the balance period of such long term monetary item, by recognition as income or expense in each of such periods.

Short-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of less than twelve months at the date of origination) are translated at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg. The resultant exchange fluctuation is recognized as income or expense in each of such periods.

15. GRANTS/FUNDS FROM GOVERNMENT

Un-disbursed funds of grant received for further disbursements are classified as current liabilities. Interest wherever earned on such funds is credited to respective grant account.

16. DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS

16.1 Derivative transactions include forwards, interest rate swaps, cross currency swaps and currency and cross currency options to hedge assets and liabilities.

16.2 These derivative transactions are done for hedging purpose and not for trading or speculative purpose.

Derivative contracts in the nature of foreign exchange forward contracts are accounted for as per Accounting Standard 11 “The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates”. These foreign exchange contract are carried net of receivables and payables in asset or liability.

Other derivative contracts such as interest rate swaps etc. are accounted for as per Guidance Note on Accounting for Derivative Contracts issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. These are carried at fair value and changes in the fair value being recognized in the statement of Profit & Loss.

16.3 Any one-time hedging premium paid on derivative transactions shall be amortized over the tenor of such derivative contract.


Mar 31, 2017

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

1. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

(a) Accounting Convention: - The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and accounting standards as applicable under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with mCa General Circular No. 15/2013 dated 13 September 2013. The financial statements adhere to the relevant presentational requirements of the Companies Act, 2013.

(b) Use of Estimates: - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumption that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure thereof at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which results materialize.

2. INCOME RECOGNITION, ASSET CLASSIFICATION AND PROVISIONING.

The Company is following regulatory norms/ guidelines as prescribed by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) from time to time. However, RBI has allowed certain specific relaxations in respect of non-applicability of reduced period for NPA recognition in case of loans sanctioned on or before 31 March 2015 and exemption for certain projects from applicability of Restructuring norms of RBI and allowed the Company to continue to be regulated by the existing REC''s prudential norms. The salient features in respect of Income Recognition, Asset classification and Provisioning are as under:

2.1. Income Recognition

a. Income on Non Performing Assets is recognized as and when received and appropriated. Any such income recognized before the asset becomes non-performing and remaining unrealized is reversed.

Unless otherwise agreed, the recoveries from the borrowers are appropriated in the order of (i) costs and expenses of REC (ii) penal interest including interest tax, if any (iii) overdue interest including interest tax, if any and (iv) repayment of principal, the oldest being adjusted first.

In respect of standard loans including those whose terms are renegotiated/rescheduled/ restructured and retained as Standard Loans, income is recognized on accrual basis.

b. Income of fee of DDUGJY Schemes is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount of fee sanctioned by the Ministry of Power.

c. Income of service charges of NEF (Interest Subsidy) Scheme is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount of service charges sanctioned by the Ministry of Power.

d. Income under the head processing fee, upfront fee, lead fee, fees/ charges received under the mutatis-mutandis clause and pre-payment premium is accounted for in the year in which it is received by the company.

e. Income from investments

(1) Income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies and units of mutual funds shall be taken into account on accrual basis when REC''s right to receive payment is established.

Provided that in case of final dividend, right to receive payment shall be considered as established only upon approval of the dividend by the shareholders in Annual General Meeting.

(2) Income from bonds and debentures of corporate bodies and from Government securities/bonds shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

Provided that the interest rate on these instruments is pre-determined and interest is serviced regularly and is not in arrears.

(3) Income on securities of corporate bodies or public sector undertakings, the payment of interest and repayment of principal of which have been guaranteed by Central Government or a State Government shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

2.2 Assets Classification

Loans and advances are classified as standard assets and non- performing assets, based on the guidelines issued by the RBI.

(1) Standard Assets: ''Standard asset'' means an asset which is not an NPA and in respect of which no default in repayment of principal or payment of interest is perceived and which does not disclose any problem or carry more than normal risk attached to the business.

In view of relaxation given by RBI vide letter dated June 11th, 2015, for Transmission & Distribution, Renovation & Modernization and Life Extension projects and also the Hydro projects in Himalayan region or affected by natural disasters, the rescheduling or restructuring or renegotiation of a standard infrastructure loan asset shall not cause it to be reclassified if the revised project is found to be viable by the competent authority.

(2) Nonperforming Assets (NpA): A Loan asset shall become NPA:-

(a) if interest and/ or installment of principal remains overdue for a period of two quarters or more.

The above period of two quarters shall be 5 months for the financial year ending 31 March 2016, 4 months for the financial year ending 31 March 2017 and 3 months for the financial year ending 31 March 2018 and thereafter. However, RBI vide letter dated 5 October 2015 has permitted that the existing loans of the company i.e. loans sanctioned on or before 31 March 2015 are permitted to be regulated under the REC''s existing asset classification norms (180 days) till 31 March 2017.

(b) In case of under implementation Generation Projects other than Hydro projects in Himalayan region or affected by natural disasters, the loan Asset shall also be classified as NPA if it fails to commence commercial operations within 2 years or up to 3/4 years (subject to certain conditions) from the original DCCO as the case may be depending upon the reasons of such delay.

(c) For the purpose of classification of assets into standard, sub-standard, doubtful and loss categories, facilities shall be classified borrower wise with the following exception:

Government Sector loans, where cash flows from each project are separately identifiable and applied to the same project, REC shall classify such loans on project wise basis.

NPAs are classified into Sub-Standard, Doubtful and Loss Assets, based on the following criteria.

(i) Sub-Standard Assets: ''Sub-standard asset'' means an asset which has been classified as non-performing asset for a period not exceeding 16 months'' for the financial year ending 31 March 2016; ''not exceeding 14 months'' for the financial year ending 31 March 2017; and ''not exceeding 12 months'' for the financial year ending 31 March 2018 and thereafter.

An asset which has been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured shall be a sub-standard asset or continue to remain in the same category in which it was prior to its renegotiation or re-schedulement or restructuring, as a doubtful asset or a loss asset as the case may be. Such asset may be upgraded only when all the outstanding loan/ facilities in the account perform satisfactorily during the period up to one year from the commencement of the first payment of interest or principal whichever is later on the credit facility with longest period of moratorium under the terms of restructuring package. Necessary provision is required to be made as applicable to such asset till it is upgraded.

(ii) Doubtful Assets: Doubtful asset means an asset which remains a substandard asset for a period ''exceeding 16 months'' for the financial year ended 31 March 2016; ''exceeding 14 months'' for the financial year ending 31 March 2017 and ''exceeding 12 months'' for the financial year ending 31 March 2018 and thereafter.

(iii) Loss Assets: Loss asset means -

a) An asset which has been identified as loss asset by REC or its internal or external auditor or by RBI, to the extent it is not written off by REC, and

b) An asset which is adversely affected by a potential threat of non-recoverability due to either erosion in the value of security or non availability of security or due to any fraudulent act or omission on the part of the borrower.

2.3 provisioning against Loans

The provisioning requirement in respect of loans, advances and other credit facilities including bills purchased and discounted shall be as under:

(i) Loss assets - The entire asset shall be written off. If the assets are permitted to remain in the books for any reason, 100% of the outstanding shall be provided for:

(ii) Doubtful assets -

(a) 100% provision to the extent to which the advance is not covered by the realizable value of the security to which REC has a valid recourse shall be made. The realizable value is to be estimated on a realistic basis; Loans covered by Central/State Govt. guarantee or loans to any State Govt. shall be treated as secured;

2.4 Treatment of provisions held

The provisions in respect of Non Performing Assets (NPAs) is reversed only after the complete recovery of the outstanding/ regularization of the account.

2.5 For restructured/ rescheduled assets, provisions are made in accordance the guidelines (subject to specific relaxations) issued by RBI, which requires that the difference between the fair value of the loan assets before and after restructuring is provided for, in addition to provision for the respective loan assets.

3. FIXED ASSETS.

Fixed Assets are shown at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost includes any cost attributable of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

4. depreciation.

4.1. Depreciation on assets is provided on straight-line method in accordance with the useful lives prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

4.2. Depreciation on assets purchased / sold during the year is charged for the full month if the asset is in use for more than 15 days, instead of charging the same on pro-rata basis from the date of purchase/sale.

4.3. Depreciation on assets purchased during the year up to '' 5,000/- is provided @ 100%.

4.4. Leasehold land is amortized over the lease period.

5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS.

An Intangible Asset is recognized where it is probable that the future economic benefits attributable to the assets will flow to the company. The depreciable amount of an intangible asset is allocated on straight line basis over the best estimate of its useful life. Management estimates useful life of intangible assets to be 5 years.

6. INVESTMENTS.

Long term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of the investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually. Quoted current investments are carried individually at the cost or market value whichever is lower. Unquoted current investments are carried individually at the cost or fair value whichever is lower.

7. CURRENT TAX AND DEFERRED TAX.

Income Tax expense comprises current Income Tax (Amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period) is determined in accordance with Accounting Standard- 22. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantially established by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred Tax Assets are recognized and carry forward to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such Deferred Tax Assets can be realized.

8. impairment of assets.

At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment loss. Recoverable amount is the higher of assets net selling prices and value in use.

9. provisions

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and reliable estimate of amount of the obligation can be made. Provisions are determined based on management estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates.

10. BOND / DEBT ISSUE.

10.1. Expenditure on raising of funds by way of bonds is charged to revenue in the year of issue of such bonds.

10.2. The Corporation discharges its obligation towards payment of principal and interest relating to bonds by depositing the amount in the designated Bank Accounts. Accordingly, the payments are treated as final payments and these amounts are not exhibited in the books till the validity of the instruments but reconciliation thereof is carried out.

10.3. Expenditure incurred on raising of funds is charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss in the year in which it is incurred except the discount/interest on the Commercial Papers/ Reg-S-Bonds (External Commercial Borrowings), which is amortized proportionately over the period of its tenure.

11. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

11.1. Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a noncash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, financing and investing activities of the Company are segregated.

11.2. Cash comprises cash on hand, demand deposits with banks, imprest with postal authorities and cheques / drafts / pay orders in hand. The Company considers cash equivalents as all short term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

12. prior period/ prepaid adjustments

12.1. Considering the nature of business, interest income/expenditure for the earlier years ascertained and determined during the year is accounted for in the year in which it is so ascertained/determined.

12.2. Other items not exceeding Rs, 5,00,000/- in each case are accounted for under natural heads of account.

13. employees benefits

13.1 The liability for employees benefit in respect of Gratuity ascertained on actuarial valuation is provided and funded to a separate trust.

13.2 Post employment and other long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit & Loss for the year in which the employee has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of the amounts payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains and losses in respect of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss.

14. TRANSACTION IN FOREIGN CURRENCY

Foreign Currency transactions are initially recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction.

In respect of accounting periods commencing on or after the 1st April, 2011, the exchange differences arising on reporting of long-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of twelve months or more at the date of origination) at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg, different from those at which they were initially recorded during the period, or reported in previous financial statements, are accumulated in a “Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account” and amortized over the balance period of such long term monetary item, by recognition as income or expense in each of such periods.

Short-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of less than twelve months at the date of origination) are translated at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg. The resultant exchange fluctuation is recognized as income or expense in each of such periods.

15. GRANTS/FUNDS FROM GOVERNMENT

Un-disbursed funds of grant received for further disbursements are classified as current liabilities. Interest wherever earned on such funds is credited to respective grant account.

16. DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS

16.1 Derivative transactions include forwards, interest rate swaps, cross currency swaps and currency and cross currency options to hedge assets and liabilities.

16.2 These derivative transactions are done for hedging purpose and not for trading or speculative purpose.

Derivative contracts in the nature of foreign exchange forward contracts are accounted for as per Accounting Standard 11 “The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates”. These foreign exchange contract are carried net of receivables and payables in asset or liability.

Other derivative contracts such as interest rate swaps etc. are accounted for as per Guidance Note on Accounting for Derivative Contracts issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. These are carried at fair value and changes in the fair value being recognized in the statement of Profit & Loss.

The shareholders of the Company in Annual General Meeting (AGM) held on 21 September 2016 inter-alia approved the increase in Authorized Capital of the Company from Rs, 1,200 crores to Rs, 5,000 crores and issue of Bonus shares in the ratio of 1:1 (i.e. one bonus equity share of Rs, 10/- each for every one fully paid up Equity Share of Rs, 10/- each), to the shareholders by capitalizing existing reserves by a sum of Rs, 987.46 Crores. Accordingly, 98,74,59,000 bonus shares were issued & allotted on 30 September 2016.

1.2 Allotment of Bonus Shares during the year and during preceding five years

The Company has allotted 98,74,59,000 Equity Shares as fully paid up by way of bonus shares during FY 2016-17.

1.3 The holders of the equity shares of the Company are entitled to receive dividends as and when declared by the Company and enjoy proportionate voting rights in case any resolution is put to vote. Further, the shareholders have all such rights, as may be available to a shareholder of a listed public company, under the Companies Act, 2013 and rules made there under, Companies Act, 1956 (to the extent applicable), SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015 and Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association of the Company.

During the financial year 2016-17, the President of India acting through Ministry of Power, Government of India divested/sold 2,51,33,733 equity shares i.e. 1.28 % of total paid up capital of the Company on 25 January 2017 and 98,97,155 equity shares i.e. 0.50% of total paid up capital of the Company on 22 March 2017 through Off-market sale of shares under the Central Public Sector Enterprises Exchange Traded Fund (CPSE ETF). Accordingly, as on 31 March 2017, the President of India holds 58.86 % of the paid up equity share capital of the Company.

During the previous year, the Company had made a provision for the dividend declared by the Board of Directors as per the requirements of pre-revised Accounting Standard 4 ''Contingencies and Events Occurring After the Balance Sheet Date''. However, as per the requirements of Revised AS 4 as amended vide the Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016, the Company is not required to provide for dividend proposed by the Board of Directors for the year ended 31 March 2017. Consequently, no provision has been made in respect of the aforesaid dividend. Had the Company continued with creation of provision of proposed dividend, as at Balance Sheet date, the figure of ''Reserves & Surplus'' would have been lower by Rs, 629.89 Crores and ''Short term Provisions'' would have been higher by the same amount (including dividend distribution tax of Rs, 106.54 crores). Further, the previous year figures have been adjusted in view of the bonus issue in the current year to make the figures comparable (Refer Note 1.1).

3. Long-Term Debt

Non-current portion of the long term debt has been classified as ''Long-term borrowings'' and the current portion of the long term debt has been classified as “Current Maturities of Long-term debt'' in Note-8 ''Other Current Liabilities''.

3.3 Security Details of the Secured Borrowings

The Bond Series 82, 83, 85, 86A, 86 B-III, 87-II, 87 A-III, 88, 90, 90 B-II, 90 C-II, 91-II and 92-II of Institutional Bonds are secured by a charge on (a) mortgage of Flat no. 640, Asiad Games Village, New Delhi and (b) pari passu charge on the receivables of our Company, both present and future, save and except receivables hypothecated to Vistra ITCL (India) Ltd. (formerly known as IL&FS Trust Company Ltd.) on the basis of joint hypothecation agreement dated 24 September 2010 in favour of IDBI Trusteeship Services Ltd.

The Bond Series 116-II, 117, 118, 119 and 122 of Institutional Bonds are secured by a charge on first pari passu charge on the book debts of the issuer both present & future which are charged to other lenders / trustees and as may be agreed between the issuer and the trustee, pursuant to the terms of the Debenture /Bond Trust cum Hypothecation Deed with a minimum security cover of one time of the aggregate face value amount of the bonds outstanding at all times in favor of IDBI Trusteeship Services Ltd.

The Bond Series 123-I, 123-IIIA, 123-IIIB and 124-I of Institutional Bonds are secured by way of first pari passu charge on the Specified Immovable Property and the book debts of the Issuer which are charged to other lender / trustee and as may be agreed between the Issuer and the Trustee, pursuant to the terms of the Bond Trust Deed with a minimum security cover of one time of the aggregate face value of amount of bonds outstanding at all times and amount of interest due thereon in favor of IDBI Trusteeship Services Ltd.

The Bond Series IX of 54EC Capital Gain Tax Exemption Bonds is secured by first pari passu charge on (a) mortgage of premises at Sub Plot No. 8, TPS No 2, FP No. 584P, situated at Village Subhanpura, Distt Vadodara and (b) hypothecation of receivables (other than those that are exclusively charged/earmarked to lenders / other Trustees) in favour of IDBI Trusteeship Services Ltd.

Tax Free Bonds issued during FY 2011-12 are secured by first pari passu charge on premises at Shop No. 12, Ground Floor, Block No. 35, Church Road, Mylapore, Chennai and hypothecation of receivables of Rs, 4,998.66 Crores of MSEDCL in favour of Vistra ITCL (India) Ltd. (formerly known as IL&FS Trust Company Ltd.).

Tax Free Bonds issued during FY 2013-14 are secured by first pari passu charge on the book debts (other than those that are exclusively charged/earmarked to lenders / other Trustees) of the Company in favour of SBICap Trustee Company Ltd.

The Bond Series X of 54EC Capital Gain Tax Exemption Bonds and Tax Free Bonds issued during FY 2012-13 & 2015-16 are secured by first pari passu charge on (a) mortgage of premises at Sub Plot No. 8, TPS No 2, FP No. 584P, situated at Village Subhanpura, Distt Vadodara and (b) hypothecation of receivables (other than those that are exclusively charged/ earmarked to lenders / other Trustees) in favour of SBICap Trustee Company Ltd.

The term loans are secured by a charge on the receivables of our Company, both present and future, save and except certain specific receivables hypothecated to IL&FS Trust Company Limited on the basis of joint hypothecation agreement dated September

24, 2010 in favour of IDBI Trusteeship Services Ltd.

3.4 Foreign Currency Borrowings have been raised at interest rates ranging from a spread of 65 bps to 220 bps over 6 Months'' USD/ JPY LIBOR (London Inter Bank Offered Rate) except where rates have been stated above in Note No. 3.2.2.1.

3.5 Ratings assigned by credit rating agencies and migration of ratings during the year Domestic and International Credit Rating

The domestic debt instruments of REC continue to enjoy “AAA” rating - the highest rating assigned by CRISIL, CARE, India Ratings & Research & ICRA-Credit Rating Agencies.

REC enjoys international credit rating equivalent to sovereign rating of India from International Credit Rating Agencies Moody''s and FITCH which is “Baa3” and “BBB-” respectively.

There has been no migration of ratings during the year.

3.7 During the year, the Company has come across an instance of fraudulent encashment through forged documents of money invested by one of the investors in 54EC Capital Gains tax Exemption Bonds by some impersonator. The Company has lodged complaint with the Police against the unknown person and the officials of the Registrar and Transfer Agent (R&TA). Accordingly, an amount of Rs, 0.59 Crore has been shown recoverable from the RTA in the books of accounts and the matter has been duly reported to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Further, as a precautionary measure, the services of the existing RTA have been discontinued and new RTA has been appointed.

8.1 Subsidy Under Accelerated Generation & Supply Programme (AG&SP):

The Company is maintaining an Interest Subsidy Fund Account and was given AG&SP subsidy (for disbursement to the eligible borrowers) by Govt. of India at net present value calculated at indicative rates and year in accordance with GOI''s letter vide D.O.No. 32024/17/97-PFC dated 23.09.1997 and O.M.No.32024/23/2001-PFC dated 07.03.2003 irrespective of the actual repayment schedule, moratorium year and duration of repayment of the eligible schemes. The impact of difference between the indicative rate and year considered at the time of drawl and the actual can be ascertained only after the end of the respective schemes.

8.2 Government of India has appointed Rural Electrification Corporation Ltd. as a nodal agency for implementation of Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojna (DDUGJY). The funds received for disbursement to various agencies under the scheme are kept in a separate bank account. The undisbursed funds for the scheme (including the funds received under erstwhile RGGVY Scheme) including interest earned thereto are classified under “Undisbursed Subsidy/ grant” under the head “Other Current Liabilities”.

During the year, interest earned of Rs, 24.84 Crores (Previous year Rs, 39.15 Crores) has been taken to DDUGJY Subsidy account. Further, during the year, an amount of Rs, 40.78 crores (Previous year Rs, 71.66 crores) has been refunded back to MoP out of the total interest on subsidy.

* The number of bonds and the amount of the investment in current portion represents the investments maturing within the next 12 months and the balance is the non-current portion.

10.1 Investments include Rs, 6.15 Crores (Previous year Rs, 6.15 Crores) representing company''s contribution in the units of ''Small is Beautiful (SIB ) Venture Capital fund'' promoted by KSK Energy Ventures Limited.

11.2.1 Loan balance confirmations for 86% of total loan assets as at 31 March 2017 have been received from the borrowers. Out of the remaining 14% loan assets amounting to '' 28,474 crore for which balance confirmations have not been received, 82% loans are secured by way of hypothecation of assets, 13% by way of Government Guarantee/ Loans to Government and 5% are unsecured loans.

11.2.2 Loan Assets also include amount financed by the Company as per the Scheme for Financial Restructuring of State Distribution Companies (Discoms).

11.2.3 REC, as a lead lender had sanctioned Rs, 650 Crore as initial sanction to Corporate Power Limited for 540 MW Phase-I TPP at Chandwa, Jharkhand. The debt is secured by way of combination of securities representing charge on all the Company''s present and future immovable properties, movables, all bank accounts, project documents, clearances, letter of credits, guarantees, insurance contracts and insurance proceeds etc., pledge of shares representing 51% of the total paid up equity share capital of the Company and Corporate Guarantee of Corporate Ispat and Alloys Limited (CIAL). Subsequently, REC, had sanctioned Rs, 196 Crore as additional loan towards funding of cost overrun. As at 31 March 2017, the loan outstanding is Rs, 811.74 crores.

The progress of Phase-I of the Project (where REC is Lead) as per last available Lender Independent Engineer''s Report, is approximately 96%. However, the account has become NPA on 30 June 2014. As at 31 March 2017, the account of the borrower is classified as Doubtful asset. As per the Independent valuer''s report, the realizable sale value of Phase-I & Phase-II project assets is Rs, 1,424.35 Crores. Accordingly, 100% provision to the extent of loan not covered by the realizable value of the security amounting to Rs, 587.47 Crores and for the balance loan amount of Rs, 224.27 Crores, 30% provision amounting to Rs, 67.29 Crores is created in the books as per Significant Accounting Policy no 2.3(ii). As such, total provision created as on 31 March 2017 is Rs, 654.75 Crores.

Recall notice has been served to the borrower and Corporate guarantee of promoter Company, CIAL, has been invoked. REC and ARCIL have filled winding up petition before the Calcutta High Court against CIAL. Meanwhile CIAL moved to Board of Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR), pursuant thereto, Hon''ble High Court abated the winding up petition. Lenders are exploring various options for the revival of the project including change in the management. With the consent of lenders, ARCIL has initiated the proceedings under SARFAESI Act. ARCIL has taken the possession of the Project site and deployed security for protection of the project. Lenders have also filed joint Original Application (OA) before Debt Recovery Tribunal (DRT), Calcutta for recovery of dues.

11.2.4 REC has sanctioned Rs, 1,150 Crore to Jas Infrastructure & Power Limited (JIPL) wherein total disbursement is Rs, 33.24 Crores till 31 March 2017. The account has become NPA on 30 June 2014. As at 31 March 2017, the account of the borrower is classified as Doubtful asset. As per the Independent valuer''s report, the realizable sale value of project assets is valued at Rs, 143.35 Crores. Accordingly, 100% provision to the extent of loan not covered by the realizable value of the security amounting to Rs, 31.48 crore and for the balance loan amount of Rs, 1.77 crores, 30% provision amounting to Rs, 0.53 crores is created in the books as per Significant Accounting Policy No. 2.3(ii). As such, total provision created as at 31 March 2017 is Rs, 32.01 Crores on total loan outstanding of Rs, 33.24 Crores.

Lenders have already initiated recovery. Recall notice has been served to the borrower and Personal guarantee of promoter has been invoked. Original Application has been filed by the REC in DRT for recovery of dues. Further, action as per SARFAESI Act is being explored by Lenders.

11.2.5 As at 31 March 2017, the dues of one of the borrowers were overdue for more than 6 months, thus, exceeding the time limit for classification of the borrower as ''Standard Asset''. However, the borrower had obtained an ad-interim order from Hon''ble High Court of Madras on 18 September 2015 not to classify the account as NPA. In view of the same, the classification of the borrower has been retained as ''Standard Asset'' pending final decision of the Court. Accordingly, 10% provision as applicable for sub-standard loans on the loan outstanding '' 2,301.99 Crores has not been created. Based on the decision taken by lenders in the JLF subsequent to the court order, the accrued interest of Rs, 426.09 crores (Rs, 88.79 cr pertaining to Financial year 2016-17) has been adjusted through disbursement of loan as per the terms of sanction and the income recognized accordingly.

However, since the account is currently into Restructured Standard Loan Assets category, a provision of 5% amounting to Rs, 115.10 Crores had been created in full in respect of the loan as against creating the same in phased manner in accordance with Significant Accounting Policy 2.3(iv). Apart from this, as a matter of prudence, an additional provision amounting to Rs, 103.59 Crores has been created @ 4.50% of the loan over and above 5% provision. Accordingly, as on 31 March 2017, the total provision of Rs, 218.69 Crores stands created against the project and unrealized income of Rs, 271.78 Crores has also not been recognized. An application has been filed by REC for vacation of stay order issued by Hon''ble High Court of Madras.

11.2.6 REC had sanctioned Rs, 390 Crores to M/s Lanco Teesta Hydro Power Limited with ICICI Bank as Lead lender having initial project SCOD in May 2012. However, due to equity crunch of promoters, geological surprises and poor rock strata, project couldn''t be commissioned till date. In order to revive the Project, which is stalled at present, change in ownership is an important imperative which ensures that additional resources are brought in by the new investor. Towards this end, change of ownership could be effectively considered under the recent RBI dispensation on Strategic Debt Restructuring (SDR) dated 8 June 2015. In terms of SDR Regulations dated 8 June 2015 issued by RBI, the Lenders'' consortium had decided to invoke the SDR in the lenders'' meet held on 24 July 2015. Accordingly, REC, on 24 September 2015, approved the Strategic Debt Restructuring (SDR) package pursuant to RBI circular dated 8 June 2015, for conversion of Rs, 102 Crores out of REC''s outstanding loan into equity at face value of Rs, 10/- per share towards effecting the change in Management. Subsequently, on 20 October 2015, necessary documentation had been carried out along with the signing of shareholder''s agreement and an amount of Rs, 102 Crores of REC''s sanction had been converted into equity on 20 October 2015. As per SDR scheme, asset classification shall remain standard up to 18 months from 24 July 2015 i.e. 23 January 2017 within this timeline a suitable investor has to be identified and the exercise of change in management shall have to be completed failing which the asset classification will be as per the extant IRAC norms, assuming the aforesaid ''stand-still'' in asset classification had not been given. As no investor had been identified till 23 January 2017, the asset classification has now been downgraded to Doubtful Category with provision created @ 20% of the outstanding loan. Further, in view of the Management, there has been no decline in the fair value of the investment in equity shares of the Company on the basis of the latest available audited financial statements of the Company for the FY 2016-17. Accordingly, no provision is being made in respect of the investment in the equity shares.

11.2.7 REC has extended a loan of Rs, 217 Crores (Outstanding loan amount as at 31 March 2017 - Rs, 198.16 Crores) to Gati Infrastructure Private Limited for the implementation of 2X55 MW HEP in Sikkim with IDFC as Lead lender. Project achieved COD on 18 May 2013 and is operational since then. However, since the Company is selling its entire power under short term arrangements, lower revenue realization is causing stress on project cash flows. Lenders have invoked the implementation of Strategic Debt Restructuring (SDR)/ outside SDR with Reference Date as 5 December 2016 under the prevailing RBI norms. The process under SDR / outside SDR is in progress.

11.2.8 REC has given a loan to M/s Ind Barath Power (Madras) Limited (IBPML) under consortium lending with PFC being the lead lender, wherein the loan outstanding as at 31 March 2017 is Rs, 416.21 Crores. The total disbursement towards IBPML by three consortium lenders was Rs, 947.71 crore. Out of this, Rs, 573.99 cr. kept as FDs, were utilized by the borrower from TRA for other than the project purposes. The account has become NPA on 31 December 2016. As at 31 March 2017, the account of the borrower is classified as Sub-standard asset. Accordingly, 10% provision amounting to Rs, 41.62 Crores has been created in the books as per Significant Accounting Policy No. 2.3(iii). Further, considering the physical progress in the project, an additional provision amounting to Rs, 83.24 Crores has been made during the year 2016-17 in respect of the loan as a matter of prudence. The provisioning of the account shall be reviewed during the year 2017-18 on the basis of latest valuation report and financials.

11.2.9 REC sanctioned a loan of Rs, 750 crore to M/s Lanco Vidharbha Thermal Power Limited (LVTPL), promoted by Lanco Group, for setting up of 1320 MW (2x660 MW) thermal power project at Mandwa, district Wardha, Maharashtra. The loan outstanding as at 31 March 2017 is Rs, 539.56 Crores. As at 31 March 2017, the account of the borrower is classified as Restructured Standard asset. Accordingly, 4.25% provision amounting to Rs, 22.93 Crores has been created in the books as per Significant Accounting Policy No. 2.3(iv). Further, considering the physical progress in the project, an additional provision amounting to Rs, 60 Crores has been made during the year 2016-17 in respect of the loan as a matter of prudence.

11.2.10 One of the borrowers with an outstanding loan amount of Rs, 2,143.38 Crores as at 31 March 2017 has expressed his intention to prepay its loan. Further, the borrower has already prepaid more than 40% of the outstanding loan before the Balance sheet date and has further intimated his intention to prepay the balance loan within the FY 2017-18. Accordingly, the loan outstanding has been considered as ''Current'' in terms of Schedule Ill to the Companies Act, 2013.

Further, Short-term Deposits with Scheduled Banks include Rs, 23.20 Crores (Previous year Rs, 2.41 Crores) earmarked towards DDUGJY and other grants. Figure in (B) Others - Term Deposits with Scheduled Banks includes deposits for Rs, 1.98 Crores (Previous year Rs, 0.36 Crores) made and earmarked in compliance of Court orders.

The pay revision of the employees of the Company is due w.e.f.1 January 2017. Pending final notification of the revised Pay Scales and other benefits by the Govt. of India, an estimated provision of Rs, 14.59 crores has been created during the year towards pay revision arrears as per the recommendations of 3rd Pay Revision Committee constituted by the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE), Govt. of India. This provision is inclusive of the provision created for non-executive employees for whom arrears have also been considered in line with these recommendations. Actuarial valuation of employees benefits has also been carried out on the basis of proposed pay scales.

Pursuant to the approval of the shareholders, the Company had allotted bonus shares in the ratio of one equity share of Rs, 10/each for one existing equity share of Rs, 10/- each on 30 September 2016. Accordingly, Earnings Per Share (EPS) (basic and diluted) have been restated for the previous periods presented in accordance with the provisions of AS-20.


Mar 31, 2015

1. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

(a) Accounting Convention: - The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and accounting standards as applicable under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with General Circular No. 15/2013 dated 13th September 2013. The financial statements adhere to the relevant presentational requirement of the Companies Act, 2013.

(b) Use of Estimates: - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumption that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure thereof at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which results materialize.

2. INCOME RECOGNITION, ASSET CLASSIFICATION AND PROVISIONING.

The Corporation has formulated its own detailed Prudential Norms. Accounting is done in accordance with these Prudential Norms of REC and the salient features of the same for Income Recognition, Asset classification and Provisioning are as under in the Paras 2.1a, 2.1f, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4:

2.1. Income Recognition

a. Income on Non Performing Assets where interest/ principal has become overdue for two quarters or more is recognized as and when received and appropriated. Any such income recognized before the asset becomes non-performing and remaining unrealized is reversed.

Unless otherwise agreed, the recoveries from the borrowers are appropriated in the order of (i) costs and expenses of REC (ii) penal interest including interest tax, if any (iii) overdue interest including interest tax, if any and (iv) repayment of principal, the oldest being adjusted first.

In respect of standard loans including those whose terms are renegotiated/rescheduled/ restructured and retained as Standard Loans, income is recognized on accrual basis.

In respect of loans (Non Performing Assets), income is recognized on accrual basis when it is reasonably expected that there is no uncertainty of receipt of dues from the borrowers and there has been satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms until the expiry of one year of satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms.

b. Income of agency charges of RGGVY Schemes is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount sanctioned by the Ministry of Power.

c. Income of agency charges of DDUGJY Schemes is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount sanctioned by the Ministry of Power.

d. Income of service charges of NEF (Interest Subsidy) Scheme is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount of service charges sanctioned by the Ministry of Power.

e. Income under the head processing fee, upfront fee, lead fee, fees/ charges received under the mutatis-mutandis clause and pre- payment premium is accounted for in the year in which it is received by the company.

f. Income from investments

(1) Income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies and units of mutual funds shall be taken into account on accrual basis when REC''s right to receive payment is established.

(2) Income from bonds and debentures of corporate bodies and from Government securities/bonds shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

Provided that the interest rate on these instruments is pre-determined and interest is serviced regularly and is not in arrears.

(3) Income on securities of corporate bodies or public sector undertakings, the payment of interest and repayment of principal of which have been guaranteed by Central Government or a State Government shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

2.2 Assets Classification

Loans and advances and any other form of credit are classified into the following classes, namely:

(i) Standard Assets: ''Standard asset'' means an asset which is not an NPA and in respect of which no default in repayment of principal or payment of interest is perceived and which does not disclose any problem or carry more than normal risk attached to the business.

The rescheduling or restructuring or renegotiation of a standard infrastructure loan asset shall not cause it to be reclassified if the revised project is found to be viable by the competent authority.

(ii) Sub-Standard Assets: ''Sub-standard asset'' means:

(a) an asset which has been classified as non-performing asset for a period not exceeding 18 months;

(b) an asset where the terms of the agreement regarding interest and / or principal have been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured, until the expiry of one year of satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms.

(iii) Doubtful Assets: Doubtful asset means an asset which remains a substandard asset for a period exceeding 18 months.

(iv) Loss Assets: Loss asset means –

a) An asset which has been identified as loss asset by REC to the extent it is not written off by REC or the asset remains doubtful for a period exceeding 5 years, whichever is earlier.

b) An asset which is adversely affected by a potential threat of non-recoverability due to either erosion in the value of security or non availability of security or due to any fraudulent act or omission on the part of the borrower.

For the purpose of classification of assets into standard, sub-standard, doubtful and loss categories, facilities shall be classified borrower wise with the following exception:

Government Sector loans, where cash flows from each project are separately identifiable and applied to the same project, REC shall classify such loans on project wise basis.

2.3 Provisioning against Loans

The provisioning requirement in respect of loans, advances and other credit facilities including bills purchased and discounted shall be as under:

(i) Loss assets - The entire asset shall be written off. If the assets are permitted to remain in the books for any reason, 100% of the outstanding shall be provided for:

(ii) Doubtful assets -

(a) 100% provision to the extent to which the advance is not covered by the realizable value of the security to which REC has a valid recourse shall be made. The realizable value is to be estimated on a realistic basis; Loans covered by Central/State Govt. guarantee or loans to any State Govt. shall be treated as secured;

(b) In addition to item(a) above, depending upon the period for which the asset has remained doubtful, provision to the extent of 20% to 50% of the secured portion (i.e. estimated realizable value of the outstanding) shall be made on the following basis:- Period for which the asset has been considered as doubtful % of provision Up to one year 20% 1 to 3 years 30% More than 3 years 50%

(iii) Sub-standard assets - A provision of 10% shall be made.

An asset which has been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured shall be a sub-standard asset or continue to remain in the same category in which it was prior to its renegotiation or re-schedulement or restructuring, as a doubtful asset or a loss asset as the case may be. Necessary provision is required to be made as applicable to such asset till it is upgraded.

(iv) Standard assets - Provision in respect of Standard Assets is made as below:

Particulars Provisioning Requirement

For Restructured Loans other than under Transmission & Distribution, In respect of the stock of outstanding loans as on 31st Renovation & Modernisation and Life Extension projects as also the March, 2015, provisioning requirement shall be as below: hydro projects in Himalayan region or affected by natural disasters, if the original DCCO prescribed at the time of financial closure is extended beyond 2 years and upto:

a. 4 years in case the reason for extension of DCCO is arbitration · 2.75% with effect from 31st March, 2015 proceedings or a court case.

b. 3 years in case the reason for extension of DCCO is beyond the · 3.50% with effect from 31st March, 2016 control of promoters (other than court cases).

· 4.25% with effect from 31st March, 2017

· 5.00% with effect from 31st March, 2018. In respect of new projects loans restructured with effect from 1st April, 2015, the provisioning requirement would be 5.00% from the date of such restructuring till the revised DCCO or 2 years from the date of restructuring whichever is later.

For Standard Assets other than specified above 0.25% of the outstanding loan amount

2.4 Treatment of Provisions held

The provisions in respect of Non Performing Assets (NPAs) is reversed only after the complete recovery of the outstanding/ regularization of the account.

3. FIXED ASSETS.

Fixed Assets are shown at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost includes any cost attributable of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

4. DEPRECIATION.

4.1. Depreciation on assets is provided on straight-line method in accordance with the useful lives prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

4.2. Depreciation on assets purchased / sold during the year is charged for the full month if the asset is in use for more than 15 days, instead of charging the same on pro-rata basis from the date of purchase/sale.

4.3. Depreciation on assets purchased during the year up to Rs. 5,000/- is provided @ 100%.

4.4. Leasehold land is amortized over the lease period.

5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS.

An Intangible Asset is recognized where it is probable that the future economic benefits attributable to the assets will flow to the company. The depreciable amount of an intangible asset is allocated on a systematic basis over the best estimate of its useful life.

6. INVESTMENTS.

Long term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of the investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually. Quoted current investments are carried individually at the cost or market value whichever is lower. Unquoted current investments are carried individually at the cost or fair value whichever is lower.

7. CURRENT TAX AND DEFERRED TAX.

Income Tax expense comprises current Income Tax (Amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period) is determined in accordance with Accounting Standard- 22. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantially established by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred Tax Assets are recognized and carry forward to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such Deferred Tax Assets can be realized.

8. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS.

At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment loss. Recoverable amount is the higher of assets net selling prices and value in use.

9. PROVISIONS

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and reliable estimate of amount of the obligation can be made. Provisions are determined based on management estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates.

10. BOND / DEBT ISSUE.

10.1. Expenditure on raising of funds by way of bonds is charged to revenue in the year of issue of such bonds.

10.2. The Corporation discharges its obligation towards payment of principal and interest relating to bonds by depositing the amount in the designated Bank Accounts. Accordingly, the payments are treated as final payments and these amounts are not exhibited in the books till the validity of the instruments but reconciliation thereof is carried out.

10.3. Expenditure incurred on raising of funds is charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss in the year in which it is incurred except the discount/ interest on the Commercial Papers/ Reg-S-Bonds (External Commercial Borrowings), which is amortized proportionately over the period of its tenure.

11. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, financing and investing activities of the Company are segregated.

12. PRIOR PERIOD/ PREPAID ADJUSTMENTS

12.1. Considering the nature of business, interest income/expenditure for the earlier years ascertained and determined during the year is accounted for in the year in which it is so ascertained/determined.

12.2. Other items not exceeding Rs. 5,00,000/- in each case are accounted for under natural heads of account.

13. EMPLOYEES BENEFITS

13.1. The liability for employees benefit in respect of Gratuity ascertained on actuarial valuation is provided and funded to a separate trust.

13.2. Post employment and other long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit & Loss for the year in which the employee has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of the amounts payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains and losses in respect of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss.

14. TRANSACTION IN FOREIGN CURRENCY

14.1. Foreign Currency transactions are initially recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction.

In respect of accounting periods commencing on or after the 1st April, 2011, the exchange differences arising on reporting of long-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of twelve months or more at the date of origination) at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg, different from those at which they were initially recorded during the period, or reported in previous financial statements, are accumulated in a "Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account" and amortized over the balance period of such long term monetary item, by recognition as income or expense in each of such periods.

Short-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of less than twelve months at the date of origination) are translated at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg. The resultant exchange fluctuation is recognized as income or expense in each of such periods.

14.2. The portion of Foreign Currency loans swapped into Indian rupees is stated at the rate fixed in the swap transaction, and not translated at the year end rate.

15. GRANTS/FUNDS FROM GOVERNMENT

Un-disbursed funds of grant received for further disbursements are classified as current liabilities. Interest wherever earned on such funds is credited to respective grant account.

16. DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS

16.1. Derivative transactions include forwards, interest rate swaps, cross currency swaps and currency and cross currency options to hedge assets and liabilities.

16.2. These derivative transactions are done for hedging purpose and not for trading or speculative purpose. These are accounted for on accrual basis and are not marked to market.


Mar 31, 2014

1. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

(a) Accounting Convention: - The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and accounting standards as notifed under Section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements adhere to the relevant presentational requirement of the Companies Act, 1956.

(b) Use of Estimates: - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumption that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure thereof at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which results materialize.

2. REVENUE RECOGNITION.

The Corporation has formulated its own detailed Prudential Norms. Accounting is done in accordance with these Prudential Norms of REC and the salient features of the same for Income Recognition, Asset classifcation and Provisioning are as under in the Paras 2.1a, 2.1e, 2.2 and 2.3:

2.1. Income Recognition

a. Income on Non Performing Assets where interest/ principal has become overdue for two quarters or more is recognized as and when received and appropriated. Any such income recognized before the asset becomes non-performing and remaining unrealized is reversed.

Unless OTHERwise agreed, the recoveries from the borrowers are appropriated in the order of (i) costs and expenses of REC (ii) penal interest including interest tax, if any (iii) overdue interest including interest tax, if any and (iv) repayment of principal, the oldest being adjusted first.

In respect of standard LOANS including those whose terms are renegotiated/rescheduled/ restructured and retained as Standard LOANS, income is recognized on accrual basis.

In respect of LOANS (Non Performing Assets), income is recognized on accrual basis when it is reasonably expected that there is no uncertainty of receipt of dues from the borrowers and there has been satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms until the expiry of one year of satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms.

b. Income of agency charges of RGGVY Schemes is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount sanctioned by the Ministry of POWER.

c. Income of service charges of NEF (Interest Subsidy) Scheme is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount of service charges sanctioned by the Ministry of POWER.

d. Income under the head processing fee, upfront fee, lead fee, fees/ charges received under the mutatis-mutandis clause and pre- payment premium is accounted for in the year in which it is received by the company.

e. Income from investments

(1) Income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies and units of mutual funds shall be taken into account on accrual basis when REC''s right to receive payment is established.

(2) Income from bonds and debentures of corporate bodies and from Government securities/bonds shall be taken into account on accrual basis:

Provided that the interest rate on these instruments is pre-determined and interest is serviced regularly and is not in arrears.

(3) Income on securities of corporate bodies or public sector undertakings, the payment of interest and repayment of principal of which have been guaranteed by CENTRAL Government or a State Government shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

2.2 Assets Classifcation

LOANS and advances and any OTHER form of credit are classifed into the following classes, namely:

(i) Standard Assets: ''Standard assets'' means an asset which is not an NPA and in respect of which no default in repayment of principal or payment of interest is perceived and which does not disclose any problem or carry more than normal risk attached to the BUSINESS.

The rescheduling or restructuring or renegotiation of a standard infrastructure loan asset shall not cause it to be reclassified if the revised project is found to be viable by the competent authority.

(ii) Sub-Standard Assets: ''Sub-standard asset'' means:

(a) an asset which has been classifed as non-performing asset for a period not exceeding 18 months;

(b) an asset where the terms of the agreement regarding interest and / or principal have been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured, until the expiry of one year of satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms.

(iii) Doubtful Assets: Doubtful asset means an asset which remains a substandard asset for a period exceeding 18 months.

(iv) Loss Assets: Loss assets means -

a) An asset which has been identified as loss asset by REC to the extent it is not written off by REC or the asset remains doubtful for a period exceeding 5 years, whichever is earlier.

b) An asset which is adversely affected by a potential threat of non-recoverability due to either erosion in the value of security or non availability of security or due to any fraudulent act or omission on the part of the borrower.

For the purpose of classifcation of assets into standard, sub-standard, doubtful and loss categories, facilities shall be classifed borrower wise with the following exception:

Government Sector LOANS, where cash flows from each project are separately identifable and applied to the same project, REC shall classify such LOANS on project wise basis.

2.3 Provisioning against LOANS

The provisioning requirement in respect of LOANS, advances and OTHER credit facilities including bills purchased and discounted shall be as under:

(i) Loss Assets - The entire asset shall be written off. If the assets are permitted to remain in the books for any reason, 100% of the outstanding shall be provided for:

(ii) Doubtful assets -

(a) 100% provision to the extent to which the advance is not covered by the realizable value of the security to which REC has a valid recourse shall be made. The realizable value is to be estimated on a realistic basis; LOANS covered by CENTRAL/State Govt. guarantee or LOANS to any State Govt. shall be treated as secured;

(b) In addition to item(a) above, depending upon the period for which the asset has remained doubtful, provision to the extent of 20% to 50% of the secured portion (i.e. estimated realizable value of the outstanding) shall be made on the following basis :-

(iii) Sub-standard assets - A provision of 10% shall be made.

An asset which has been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured shall be a sub-standard asset or continue to remain in the same category in which it was prior to its renegotiation or re-schedulement or restructuring, as a doubtful asset or a loss asset as the case may be. Necessary provision is required to be made as applicable to such asset till it is upgraded.

(iv) Standard assets - Provision in respect of Standard Assets is made @ 0.25% of the outstanding standard assets.

2.4 Treatment of Provisions held

The provisions in respect of Non Performing Assets (NPAs) is reversed only after the complete recovery of the outstanding/ regularization of the account.

3. FIXED ASSETS.

Fixed Assets are shown at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost includes any cost attributable of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

4. DEPRECIATION.

4.1. Depreciation on assets is provided on straight-line method at the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.

4.2. Depreciation on assets purchased / sold during the year is charged for the full month if the asset is in use for more than 15 days, instead of charging the same on pro-rata basis from the date of purchase/sale.

4.3. Depreciation on assets purchased during the year up to Rs. 5,000/- is provided @ 100%.

4.4. Leasehold land is amortized over the lease period.

5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS.

An Intangible Assets is recognized where it is probable that the FUTURE economic benefits attributable to the assets will fow to the company. The depreciable amount of an intangible asset is allocated on a systematic basis over the best estimate of its useful life.

6. INVESTMENTS.

Long term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, OTHER than temporary, in the value of the investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually. Current investments are carried individually at the cost or fair value whichever is lower.

7. CURRENT TAX AND DEFERRED TAX.

Income Tax expenses comprises current Income Tax (Amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax charge or credit (refecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period) is determined in accordance with Accounting Standard- 22 as notifed under Section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantially established by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred Tax Assets are recognized and carry forward to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that suffcient FUTURE taxable income will be available against which such Deferred Tax Assets can be realized.

8. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS.

At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment loss. Recoverable amount is the higher of assets net selling prices and value in use.

9. PROVISIONS

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of RESOURCEs will be required to settle the obligation and reliable estimate of amount of the obligation can be made. Provisions are determined based on management estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to refect the current management estimates.

10. BOND / DEBT ISSUE.

10.1. Expenditure on raising of funds by way of bonds is charged to revenue in the year of issue of such bonds.

10.2. The Corporation discharges its obligation towards payment of principal and interest relating to bonds by depositing the amount in the designated Bank Accounts. Accordingly, the payments are treated as final payments and these amounts are not exhibited in the books till the validity of the instruments but reconciliation thereof is carried out.

10.3. Expenditure incurred on raising of funds is charged to the Statement of profit & Loss in the year in which it is incurred except the discount/ interest on the Commercial Papers/ Reg-S-Bonds (External Commercial Borrowings), which is amortized proportionately over the period of its tenure.

11. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or FUTURE cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, fnancing and investing activities of the Company are segregated.

12. PRIOR PERIOD/ PREPAID ADJUSTMENTS

12.1. Considering the nature of BUSINESS, interest income/expenditure for the earlier years ascertained and determined during the year is accounted for in the year in which it is so ascertained/determined.

12.2. OTHER items not exceeding Rs. 5,00,000/- in each case are accounted for under natural heads of account.

13. EMPLOYEES BENEFITS

13.1 The liability for employees benefit in respect of Gratuity is ascertained on actuarial valuation is provided and funded to a separate trust.

13.2 Post employment and OTHER long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the Statement of profit & Loss for the year in which the employees has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of the amounts payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains and losses in respect of post employment and OTHER long term benefits are charged to the Statement of profit & Loss.

14. TRANSACTION IN FOREIGN CURRENCY

14.1 Foreign Currency transactions are initially recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction.

In respect of accounting periods commencing on or after the 1st April, 2011, the exchange differences arising on reporting of long-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of twelve months or more at the date of origination) at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg, different from those at which they were initially recorded during the period, or reported in previous financial statements, are accumulated in a "Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account" and amortized over the balance period of such long term monetary item, by recognition as income or expense in each of such periods.

Short-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of less than twelve months at the date of origination) are translated at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg. The resultant exchange fuctuation is recognized as income or expense in each of such periods.

14.2 The portion of Foreign Currency LOANS swapped into Indian rupees is stated at the rate fixed in the swap transaction, and not translated at the year end rate.

15. GRANTS/FUNDS FROM GOVERNMENT

Un-disbursed funds of grant received for further disbursements are classifed as current liabilities. Interest wherever earned on such funds is credited to respective grant account.

16. DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS

16.1 Derivative transactions include forwards, interest rate swaps, cross currency swaps and currency and cross currency options to hedge assets and liabilities.

16.2 These derivative transactions are done for hedging purpose and not for trading or speculative purpose. These are accounted for on accrual basis and are not marked to market.

1.1 The shareholders of the equity shares of the company are entitled to receive dividends as and when declared by the company and enjoy proportionate voting rights in case any resolution is put to vote. Further, the shareholders have all such rights, as may be available to a shareholder of a listed public company, under the Companies Act,1956 (to the extent applicable), Companies Act, 2013 (to the extent notifed), the terms of the listing agreements executed with the Stock Exchanges (NSE Ltd. and BSE Ltd.), and our Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association.

2.1 Additions in Securities Premium Account for the year ended 31st March, 2014 represent the premium of Rs. 1.24 Crores (Previous year Rs. 0.05 Crores) received on issue of Tax Free Bonds through private placement.

2.2 Debenture Redemption Reserve (DRR)

In accordance with provisions of Section 117C of the Companies Act, 1956 as further clarifed by Circular No. 4/2013 dated 11.02.2013 issued by Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Govt. of India, the company creates Debenture Redemption Reserve (DRR) upto 25% of the value of debentures issued through public issue as per present SEBI (Issue and Listing of Debt Securities) Regulations, 2008 during the maturity period of such debentures, and no DRR is required in the case of privately placed debentures. Accordingly, during the year, the company has created DRR amounting to Rs. 185.79 Crores (Previous year Rs. 46.20 Crores).

2.3 Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account

The company has opted towards an irrevocable option for amortising the foreign exchange fuctuation loss/gain on the long term foreign currency monetary items over the balance period of such items in accordance with Para 46A of Accounting Standard 11 ''The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates''. Amount remaining to be amortised in ''Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account'' is Rs. 532.65 Crores (Previous year Rs. 160.28 Crores).

3. LONG-TERM DEBT

Non-current portion of the long term debt has been classifed as ''Long-term borrowings'' and the current portion of the long term debt has been classifed as "Current Maturities of Long-term debt'' in Note-8 ''OTHER Current Liabilities''.

3.3 Security Details of the Secured Borrowings

The Bond Series 73, 75 of Institutional Bonds are secured by a (a) mortgage of premises at 51 and 52/58-B, 5th foor, Mittal Tower, Block II, Backbay Scheme, Nariman Point, Colaba, Mumbai 400 005, Maharashtra, India and (b) pari passu charge on the receivables, both present and FUTURE, save and except receivables hypothecated to IL&FS Trust Company Limited on the basis of joint hypothecation agreement dated September 24, 2010 in favour of IDBI Trusteeship Services Ltd.

The Bond Series 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86A, 86 B-III, 87-II, 87 A-II, 87 A-III, 88, 89-II, 90, 90 A-II, 90 B-I, 90 B-II, 90 C-II, 91-II, 92-II, 93-II of Institutional Bonds and Series VIII of 54EC Capital Gain Tax Exemption Bonds are secured by a charge on a (a) mortgage of Flat no. 640, Asiad Games Village, New Delhi 110 049, India and (b) pari passu charge on the receivables of our Company, both present and FUTURE, save and except receivables hypothecated to IL&FS Trust Company Limited on the basis of joint hypothecation agreement dated September 24, 2010 in favour of IDBI Trusteeship Services Ltd.

The Bond Series 116-I, 116-II, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121 of Institutional Bonds are secured by a charge on first paripassu charge on the book debts of the issuer both present & FUTURE which are charged to OTHER lenders / trustees and as may be agreed between the issuer and the trustee, pursuant to the terms of the Debenture /Bond Trust cum Hypothecation Deed with a minimum security cover of one time of the aggregate face value amount of the bonds outstanding at all times in favor of IDBI Trusteeship Services Ltd.

The Bond Series IX of 54EC Capital Gain Tax Exemption Bonds is secured by first pari passu charge on (a) mortgage of premises at Sub Plot No. 8, TPS No 2, FP No. 584P, situated at Village Subhanpura, Distt Vadodara and (b) hypothecation of receivables in favour of IDBI Trusteeship Services Ltd.

Tax Free Bonds issued during FY 2011-12 are secured by first pari passu charge on premises at Shop No. 12, Ground Floor, Block No. 35, Church Road, Mylapore, Chennai and hypothecation of receivables of Rs. 4,998.66 Crores of MSEDCL in favour of IL&FS Trust Company Ltd.

Tax Free Bonds issued during FY 2012-13 are secured by first pari passu charge on (a) mortgage of premises at Sub Plot No. 8, TPS No 2, FP No. 584P, situated at Village Subhanpura, Distt Vadodara and (b) hypothecation of receivables in favour of SBICap Trustee Company Ltd.

Tax Free Bonds issued during FY 2013-14 are secured by first pari passu charge on the book debts (OTHER than those that are exclusively charged/earmarked to lenders / OTHER Trustees) of the Company in favour of SBICap Trustee Company Ltd.

The term LOANS are secured by a charge on the receivables of our Company, both present and FUTURE, save and except certain Specific receivables hypothecated to IL&FS Trust Company Limited.

3.4 Foreign Currency Borrowings have been raised at interest rates ranging from a spread of 129 bps to 220 bps over 6 Months'' USD/JPY LIBOR (London Inter Bank Offered Rate) except where rates have been stated above in Note No. 3.2.3.1.

4.1 The Company has no intention to make withdrawal from the special reserve created and maintained under section 36(1)(viii) of the Income Tax Act 1961. Hence, the special reserve created and maintained is not capable of being reversed and thus, it becomes a permanent difference as per AS-22 as notifed under Section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956. Accordingly, the Company is not creating any deferred tax liability on the said reserve.

6.1 Reserve Bank of India had permitted the Company to create provision of 0.25% on ''Standard Assets'' in a phased manner upto 31st March, 2015. During the previous year, the company had provided Rs. 105.68 Crores and balance amount of Rs. 264.70 Crores is provided in full so as to make it equal to 0.25% of the outstanding Standard Assets in the current year 2013-14 itself.

8.1 Subsidy Under Accelerated Generation & Supply Programme (AG&SP):

The Company is maintaining an Interest Subsidy Fund Account and was given AG&SP subsidy (for disbursement to the eligible borrowers) by Govt. of India at net present value calculated at indicative rates and year in accordance with GOI''s letter vide D.O.No. 32024/17/97-PFC dated 23.09.1997 and O.M.No.32024/23/2001-PFC dated 07.03.2003 irrespective of the actual repayment schedule, moratorium year and duration of repayment of the eligible schemes. The impact of difference between the indicative rate and year considered at the time of drawl and the actual can be ascertained only after the end of the respective schemes.

8.2 Government of India has appointed RURAL ELECTRIFICATION Corporation Ltd. as a nodal agency for IMPLEMENTATION of Rajiv GANDHI Gramin VIDYUTIKARAN Yojna (RGGVY). The funds received for disbursement to various agencies under the scheme are kept in a separate bank account. The undisbursed funds for the scheme including interest earned thereto are classifed under "Undisbursed Subsidy/ grant" under the head "OTHER Current Liabilities.

During the year, interest earned of Rs. 38.00 Crores (Previous year Rs. 20.02 Crores) has been taken to RGGVY Subsidy account. Further, during the year, an amount of Rs. 29.51 crores (Previous year Rs. 98.92 Crores) has been refunded back to MoP out of the total interest on subsidy.


Mar 31, 2013

1. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

(a) Accounting Convention: - The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and applicable accounting standards in India. The financial statements adhere to the relevant presentational requirement of the Companies Act, 1956.

(b) Use of Estimates: - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumption that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure thereof at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which results materialize.

2. REVENUE RECOGNITION.

The Corporation has formulated its own detailed Prudential Norms. Accounting is done in accordance with these Prudential Norms of REC and the salient features of the same for Income Recognition, Asset classification and Provisioning are as under in the Paras 2.1a, 2.1e, 2.2 and 2.3:

2.1. Income Recognition

a. Income on Non Performing Assets where interest/ principal has become overdue for two quarters or more is recognized as and when received and appropriated. Any such income recognized before the asset becomes non-performing and remaining unrealized is reversed.

Unless otherwise agreed, the recoveries from the borrowers are appropriated in the order of (i) costs and expenses of REC (ii) penal interest including interest tax, if any (iii) overdue interest including interest tax, if any and (iv) repayment of principal, the oldest being adjusted first.

In respect of loans (Non Performing Assets) whose terms are renegotiated/ rescheduled/ restructured, income is recognized on accrual basis when it is reasonably expected that there is no uncertainty of receipt of dues from the borrowers and a legally binding Memorandum of Agreement has been executed and there has been satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms till a period of at least one year from the effective date of the corresponding MOU.

b. Income of agency charges of RGGVY Schemes is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount sanctioned by the Ministry of Power.

c. Income of service charges of NEF (Interest Subsidy) Scheme is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount of service charges sanctioned by the Ministry of Power.

d. Income under the head processing fee, upfront fee, lead fee, fees/ charges received under the mutatis-mutandis clause and pre- payment premium is accounted for in the year in which it is received by the company.

e. Income from investments

(1) Income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies and units of mutual funds shall be taken into account on cash basis:

Provided that the income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies may be taken into account on accrual basis when such dividend has been declared by the corporate body in its annual general meeting and REC''s right to receive payment is established.

(2) Income from bonds and debentures of corporate bodies and from Government securities/bonds shall be taken into account on accrual basis:

Provided that the interest rate on these instruments is pre-determined and interest is serviced regularly and is not in arrears.

(3) Income on securities of corporate bodies or public sector undertakings, the payment of interest and repayment of principal of which have been guaranteed by Central Government or a State Government shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

2.2 Assets Classification

Loans and advances and any other form of credit are classified into the following classes, namely:

(i) Standard Assets: ''Standard assets'' means an asset which is not an NPA and in respect of which no default in repayment of principal or payment of interest is perceived and which does not disclose any problem or carry more than normal risk attached to the business.

(ii) Sub-Standard Assets: ''Sub-standard asset'' means:

(a) an asset which has been classified as non-performing asset for a period not exceeding 18 months;

(b) an asset where the terms of the agreement regarding interest and / or principal have been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured, until the expiry of one year of satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms.

(c) The rescheduling or restructuring or renegotiation of a standard infrastructure loan asset shall not cause it to be reclassified if the revised project is found to be viable by the competent authority.

(iii) Doubtful Assets: Doubtful asset means an asset which remains a substandard asset for a period exceeding 18 months.

(iv) Loss Assets: Loss assets means -

a) An asset which has been identified as loss asset by REC to the extent it is not written off by REC or the asset remains doubtful for a period exceeding 5 years, whichever is earlier.

b) An asset which is adversely affected by a potential threat of non-recoverability due to either erosion in the value of security or non availability of security or due to any fraudulent act or omission on the part of the borrower.

For the purpose of application of Prudential Norms and provisioning Norms,

i. Facilities granted to State/Central Sector entities are considered loan wise.

ii. Facilities granted to other entities are considered borrower wise.

2.3 Provisioning against Loans

The provisioning requirement in respect of loans, advances and other credit facilities including bills purchased and discounted shall be as under:

(i) Loss Assets - The entire asset shall be written off. If the assets are permitted to remain in the books for any reason, 100% of the outstanding shall be provided for:

(ii) Doubtful assets -

(a) 100% provision to the extent to which the advance is not covered by the realizable value of the security to which REC has a valid recourse shall be made. The realizable value is to be estimated on a realistic basis; Loans covered by Central/State Govt. guarantee or loans to any State Govt. shall be treated as secured;

(b) In addition to item(a) above, depending upon the period for which the asset has remained doubtful, provision to the extent of 20% to 50% of the secured portion (i.e. estimated realizable value of the outstanding) shall be made on the following basis :-

(iii) Sub-standard assets - A provision of 10% shall be made.

An asset which has been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured shall be a sub-standard asset or continue to remain in the same category in which it was prior to its renegotiation or re-schedulement or restructuring, as a doubtful asset or a loss asset as the case may be. Necessary provision is required to be made as applicable to such asset till it is upgraded.

(iv) Standard assets - Provision in respect of Standard Assets shall be made as may be decided by the Corporation in order to bring it to a minimum of 0.25% upto 31st March, 2015.

3. FIXED ASSETS

Fixed Assets are shown at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost includes any cost attributable of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

4. DEPRECIATION

4.1. Depreciation on assets is provided on straight-line method at the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.

4.2. Depreciation on assets purchased / sold during the year is charged for the full month if the asset is in use for more than 15 days, instead of charging the same on pro-rata basis from the date of purchase/sale.

4.3. Depreciation on assets purchased during the year up to Rs. 5,000/- is provided @ 100%.

4.4. Leasehold land is amortized over the lease period.

5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

An Intangible Assets is recognized where it is probable that the future economic benefits attributable to the assets will flow to the company. The depreciable amount of an intangible asset is allocated on a systematic basis over the best estimate of its useful life. Management estimates useful life of intangible assets to be 5 years.

6. INVESTMENTS

Long term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of the investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually. Current investments are carried at the cost or fair value whichever is lower.

7. CURRENT TAX AND DEFERRED TAX

Income Tax expenses comprises current Income Tax (Amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period) is determined in accordance with Accounting Standard- 22 of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantially established by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred Tax Assets are recognized and carry forward to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such Deferred Tax Assets can be realized.

8. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS.

At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment loss. Recoverable amount is the higher of assets net selling prices and value in use.

9. PROVISIONS

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and reliable estimate of amount of the obligation can be made. Provisions are determined based on management estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates.

10. BOND / DEBT ISSUE

10.1. Expenditure on raising of funds by way of bonds is charged to revenue in the year of issue of such bonds.

10.2. The Corporation discharges its obligation towards payment of principal and interest relating to bonds by depositing the amount in the designated Bank Accounts. Accordingly, the payments are treated as final payments and these amounts are not exhibited in the books till the validity of the instruments but reconciliation thereof is carried out.

10.3. Expenditure incurred on raising of funds is charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss in the year in which it is incurred except the discount/interest on the Commercial Papers/ Reg-S-Bonds (External Commercial Borrowings), which is amortized proportionately over the period of its tenure.

11. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, financing and investing activities of the Company are segregated.

12. PRIOR PERIOD/ PREPAID ADJUSTMENTS

12.1. Considering the nature of business, interest income/expenditure for the earlier years ascertained and determined during the year is accounted for in the year in which it is so ascertained/determined.

12.2. Other items not exceeding Rs. 5,00,000/- in each case are accounted for under natural heads of account.

13. EMPLOYEES BENEFITS

13.1 The liability for employees benefit in respect of Gratuity is ascertained on actuarial valuation is provided and funded to a separate trust.

13.2 Post employment and other long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit & Loss for the year in which the employees has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of the amounts payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains and losses in respect of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss.

14. TRANSACTION IN FOREIGN CURRENCY

14.1 Foreign Currency transactions are initially recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction.

In respect of accounting periods commencing on or after the 1st April, 2011, the exchange differences arising on reporting of long-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of twelve months or more at the date of origination) at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg, different from those at which they were initially recorded during the period, or reported in previous financial statements, are accumulated in a "Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account" and amortized over the balance period of such long term monetary item, by recognition as income or expense in each of such periods.

Short-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of less than twelve months at the date of origination) are translated at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg. The resultant exchange fluctuation is recognized as income or expense in each of such periods.

14.2 The portion of Foreign Currency loans swapped into Indian rupees is stated at the rate fixed in the swap transaction, and not translated at the year end rate.

15. GRANTS/FUNDS FROM GOVERNMENT

Un-disbursed funds of grant received for further disbursements are classified as current liabilities. Interest wherever earned on such funds is credited to respective grant account.

16. DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS

16.1 Derivative transactions include forwards, interest rate swaps, cross currency swaps and currency and cross currency options to hedge assets and liabilities.

16.2 These derivative transactions are done for hedging purpose and not for trading or speculative purpose. These are accounted for on accrual basis and are not marked to market.


Mar 31, 2012

1. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(a) Accounting Convention: The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and applicable accounting standard in India. The financial statements adhere to the relevant presentational requirement of the Companies Act, 1956.

(b) Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumption that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure thereof at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which results materialize.

2. REVENUE RECOGNITION.

The Corporation has formulated its own detailed Prudential Norms. Accounting is done in accordance with these Prudential Norms of REC and the salient features of the same for Income Recognition, Asset classification and Provisioning are as under:

2.1. Income Recognition

a. Income on Non Performing Assets where interest/ principal has become overdue for two quarters or more is recognized as and when received and appropriated. Any such income recognized before the asset becomes non-performing and remaining unrealized is reversed.

Unless otherwise agreed, the recoveries from the borrowers are appropriated in the order of (i) costs and expenses of REC (ii) penal interest including interest tax, if any (iii) overdue interest including interest tax, if any and (iv) repayment of principal, the oldest being adjusted first.

In respect of loans whose terms are renegotiated / rescheduled / restructured, income is recognized on accrual basis when it is reasonably expected that there is no uncertainty of receipt of dues from the borrowers and a legally binding Memorandum of Agreement has been executed and there has been satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms till a period of at least one year from the effective date of the corresponding MOU.

b. Income of agency charges on RGGVY Schemes is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount sanctioned by the Ministry of Power.

c. Income under the head processing fee, upfront fee, lead fee, fees/ charges received under the mutatis-mutandis clause and pre- payment premium is accounted for in the year in which it is received by the company.

d. Income from investments:

(1) Income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies and units of mutual funds shall be taken into account on cash basis:

Provided that the income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies may be taken into account on accrual basis when such dividend has been declared by the corporate body in its annual general meeting and REC's right to receive payment is established.

(2) Income from bonds and debentures of corporate bodies and from Government securities/bonds shall be taken into account on accrual basis:

Provided that the interest rate on these instruments is pre-determined and interest is serviced regularly and is not in arrears.

(3) Income on securities of corporate bodies or public sector undertakings, the payment of interest and repayment of principal of which have been guaranteed by Central Government or a State Government shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

2.2 Assets Classification

Loans and advances and any other form of credit are classified into the following classes, namely:

(i) Standard Assets: 'Standard assets' means an asset which is not an NPA and in respect of which no default in repayment of principal or payment of interest is perceived and which does not disclose any problem or carry more than normal risk attached to the business.

(ii) Sub-Standard Assets: 'Sub-standard asset' means:

(a) an asset which has been classified as non-performing asset for a period not exceeding 18 months;

(b) an asset where the terms of the agreement regarding interest and / or principal have been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured, until the expiry of one year of satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms.

(c) The rescheduling or restructuring or renegotiation of a standard infrastructure loan asset shall not cause it to be reclassified if the revised project is found to be viable by the competent authority.

(iii) Doubtful Assets: Doubtful asset means an asset which remains a substandard asset for a period exceeding 18 months.

(iv) Loss Assets: Loss assets means -

a) An asset which has been identified as loss asset by REC to the extent it is not written off by REC or the asset remains doubtful for a period exceeding 5 years, whichever is earlier.

b) An asset which is adversely affected by a potential threat of non-recoverability due to either erosion in the value of security or non availability of security or due to any fraudulent act or omission on the part of the borrower.

For the purpose of application of Prudential Norms and provisioning Norms,

i. Facilities granted to State/Central Sector entities are considered loan wise.

ii. Facilities granted to other entities are considered borrower wise.

2.3 Provisioning against Loans

The provisioning requirement in respect of loans, advances and other credit facilities including bills purchased and discounted shall be as under:

(i) Loss Assets – The entire asset shall be written off. If the assets are permitted to remain in the books for any reason, 100% of the outstanding shall be provided for:

(ii) Doubtful assets –

(a) 100% provision to the extent to which the advance is not covered by the realizable value of the security to which REC has a valid recourse shall be made. The realizable value is to be estimated on a realistic basis; Loans covered by Central/State Govt. guarantee or State Govt. Undertaking for deduction from Central Plan Allocation or loans to any State Govt. shall be treated as secured;

(b) In addition to item(a) above, depending upon the period for which the asset has remained doubtful, provision to the extent of 20% to 50% of the secured portion (i.e. estimated realizable value of the outstanding) shall be made on the following basis :-

(iii) Sub-standard assets - A provision of 10% shall be made.

An asset which has been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured shall be a sub-standard asset or continue to remain in the same category in which it was prior to its renegotiation or re-schedulement or restructuring, as a doubtful asset or a loss asset as the case may be. Necessary provision is required to be made as applicable to such asset till it is upgraded.

3. FIXED ASSETS

Fixed Assets are shown at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost includes any cost attributable of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

4. DEPRECIATION

4.1. Depreciation on assets is provided on straight-line method at the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. In terms of option available under the Companies Act, 1956, depreciation on assets capitalized prior to 16.12.93 is charged at the rates then prevailing on the straight-line method.

4.2. Depreciation on assets purchased / sold during the year is charged for the full month if the asset is in use for more than 15 days, instead of charging the same on pro-rata basis from the date of purchase/sale.

4.3. Depreciation on assets purchased during the year up to Rs 5,000/- is provided @ 100%.

4.4. Leasehold land is amortized over the lease period.

5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

An Intangible Assets is recognized where it is probable that the future economic benefits attributable to the assets will flow to the company. These Assets are amortized over a period of 5 years.

6. INVESTMENTS

Long term investments are carried at cost less provisions, if any (except mutual funds which are valued at NAV) for diminutions in the value of such investment. Current investments are carried at the cost or fair value whichever is lower.

7. CURRENT TAX AND DEFERRED TAX

Income Tax expenses comprises current Income Tax (Amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period) is determined in accordance with Accounting Standard- 22 of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantially established by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred Tax Assets are recognized and carry forward to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such Deferred Tax Assets can be realized.

8. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment loss. Recoverable amount is the higher of assets net selling prices and value in use.

9. PROVISIONS

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and reliable estimate of amount of the obligation can be made. Provisions are determined based on management estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates.

10. BOND / DEBT ISSUE

10.1. Expenditure on raising of funds by way of bonds is charged to revenue in the year of issue of such bonds.

10.2. The Corporation discharges its obligation towards payment of interest warrants relating to bonds by depositing the amount in the designated Interest Warrant Bank Accounts. Accordingly, the payments are treated as final payments and these designated accounts are not exhibited in the books but reconciliation thereof is carried out.

10.3. Expenditure incurred on raising of funds is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which it is incurred except the discount/ interest on the Commercial Papers/ Reg-S-Bonds (External Commercial Borrowings), which is amortized proportionately over the period of its tenure.

11. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, financing and investing activities of the Company are segregated.

12. PRIOR PERIOD/ PREPAID ADJUSTMENTS

12.1. Considering the nature of business, interest income/expenditure for the earlier years ascertained and determined during the year is accounted for in the year in which it is so ascertained/determined.

12.2. Other items not exceeding Rs. 5,00,000/- in each case are accounted for under natural heads of account.

13. EMPLOYEES BENEFITS

13.1 The liability for employees benefit in respect of Gratuity is ascertained on actuarial valuation is provided and funded to a separate trust.

13.2 Post employment and other long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the profit and loss account for the year in which the employees has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of the amounts payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains and losses in respect of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to the profit & loss account.

14. TRANSACTION IN FOREIGN CURRENCY

14.1 Foreign Currency transactions are initially recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction.

In respect of accounting periods commencing on or after the 1st April, 2011 , the exchange differences arising on reporting of long-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of twelve months or more at the date of origination) at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg, different from those at which they were initially recorded during the period, or reported in previous financial statements, are accumulated in a "Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account" and amortized over the balance period of such long term monetary item, by recognition as income or expense in each of such periods.

Short-term foreign currency monetary items (having a term of less than twelve months at the date of origination) are translated at RBI reference rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period or where the RBI reference rate is not available for any currency, the closing rate for the same date quoted on Bloomberg. The resultant exchange fluctuation is recognized as income or expense in each of such periods.

14.2 The portion of Foreign Currency loans swapped into Indian rupees is stated at the rate fixed in the swap transaction, and not translated at the year end rate.

15. GRANTS/FUNDS FROM GOVERNMENT

Un-disbursed funds of grant received for further disbursements are classified as current liabilities. Interest wherever earned on such funds is either credited to respective grant account if terms of the grant so requires or to "other income".

16. DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS

16.1 Derivative transactions include forwards, interest rate swaps, cross currency swaps and currency and cross currency options to hedge assets and liabilities.

16.2 These derivative transactions are done for hedging purpose and not for trading or speculative purpose. These are accounted for on accrual basis and are not marked to market.

17. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments :

17.1 Contingent Liabilities not provided for in respect of:

(Rs. in Crores)

Particulars As at 31.03.2012 As at 31.03.2011

A-Claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts 59.84 26.88

B-Others

- Letters of Comfort 4,696.95 1,352.70

The amount referred to in 'A' above includes Rs. 7.75 Crores (Previous year Rs. 4.99 Crores) which is pending in various courts including arbitration cases and is dependent upon the outcome of settlement of court/arbitration cases and also includes Rs. 52.09 Crores (Previous year Rs. 21.75 Crores) against various demands raised by the Income Tax Department including the cases pending in Delhi High Court.


Mar 31, 2011

1. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(a) accounting Convention: - The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and applicable accounting standard in India. The financial statements adhere to the relevant presentational requirement of the Companies Act, 1956.

(b) use of estimates: - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumption that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure thereof at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which results materialize.

2. REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Corporation has formulated its own detailed Prudential Norms. Accounting is done in accordance with these Prudential Norms of REC and the salient features of the same for Income Recognition, Asset classification and Provisioning are as under:

2.1. Income Recognition

a. Income on Non Performing Assets where interest/ principal has become overdue for two quarters or more is recognized as and when received and appropriated. Any such income recognized before the asset becomes non- performing and remaining unrealized is reversed.

Unless otherwise agreed, the recoveries from the borrowers are appropriated in the order of (i) costs and expenses of REC (ii) penal interest including interest tax, if any (iii) overdue interest including interest tax, if any and (iv) repayment of principal, the oldest being adjusted first.

In respect of loans whose terms are renegotiated / rescheduled / restructured, income is recognized on accrual basis when it is reasonably expected that there is no uncertainty of receipt of dues from the borrowers and a legally binding Memorandum of Agreement has been executed and there has been satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms till a period of at least one year from the effective date of the corresponding MOU.

b. Income of agency charges on RGGVY Schemes is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount sanctioned by the Ministry of Power.

c. Income under the head processing fee, upfront fee, lead fee, fees/ charges received under the mutatis-mutandis

clause and pre-payment premium is accounted for in the year in which it is received by the company.

d. Income From Investments

(1) Income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies and units of mutual funds shall be taken into account on cash basis:

Provided that the income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies may be taken into account on accrual basis when such dividend has been declared by the corporate body in its annual general meeting and REC's right to receive payment is established.

(2) Income from bonds and debentures of corporate bodies and from Government securities/bonds shall be taken into account on accrual basis:

Provided that the interest rate on these instruments is pre-determined and interest is serviced regularly and is not in arrears.

(3) Income on securities of corporate bodies or public sector undertakings, the payment of interest and repayment of principal of which have been guaranteed by Central Government or a State Government shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

2.2 Assets Classification

Loans and advances and any other form of credit are classified into the following classes, namely:

(i) standard assets: ‘Standard assets' means an asset which is not an NPA and in respect of which no default in repayment of principal or payment of interest is perceived and which does not disclose any problem or carry more than normal risk attached to the business.

(ii) sub-standard assets: ‘Sub-standard asset' means:

(a) an asset which has been classified as non-performing asset for a period not exceeding 18 months;

(b) an asset where the terms of the agreement regarding interest and / or principal have been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured, until the expiry of one year of satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms.

(c) The rescheduling or restructuring or renegotiation of a standard infrastructure loan asset shall not cause it to be reclassified if the revised project is found to be viable by the competent authority.

(iii) doubtful assets: Doubtful asset means an asset which remains a substandard asset for a period exceeding 18 months.

(iv) loss assets: Loss assets means –

a) An asset which has been identified as loss asset by REC to the extent it is not written of by REC or the asset remains doubtful for a period exceeding 5 years, whichever is earlier.

b) An asset which is adversely affected by a potential threat of non-recoverability due to either erosion in the value of security or non availability of security or due to any fraudulent act or omission on the part of the borrower.

For the purpose of application of Prudential Norms and provisioning Norms,

i. Facilities granted to State/Central Sector entities are considered loan wise.

ii. Facilities granted to other entities are considered borrower wise.

2.3 Provisioning Against Loans

The provisioning requirement in respect of loans, advances and other credit facilities including bills purchased and discounted shall be as under:

(i) loss assets – The entire asset shall be written of. If the assets are permitted to remain in the books for any reason, 100% of the outstanding shall be provided for:

(ii) doubtful assets –

(a) 100% provision to the extent to which the advance is not covered by the realizable value of the security to which REC has a valid recourse shall be made. The realizable value is to be estimated on a realistic basis; Loans covered by Central/State Govt. guarantee or State Govt. Undertaking for deduction from Central Plan Allocation or loans to any State Govt. shall be treated as secured;

(b) In addition to item(a) above, depending upon the period for which the asset has remained doubtful, provision to the extent of 20% to 50% of the secured portion (i.e. estimated realizable value of the outstanding) shall be made on the following basis :-

Period for which the asset has been considered as doubtful % of provision

Up to one year 20%

1 to 3 years 30%

More than 3 years 50%

(iii) Sub-standard assets - A provision of 10% shall be made

An asset which has been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured shall be a sub-standard asset or continue to remain in the same category in which it was prior to its renegotiation or re-schedulement or restructuring, as a doubtful asset or a loss asset as the case may be. Necessary provision is required to be made as applicable to such asset till it is upgraded.

3. FIXED ASSETS

Fixed Assets are shown at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost includes any cost attributable of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

4. DEPRECIATION

4.1. Depreciation on assets is provided on pro rata basis on straight- line method at the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. In terms of option available under the Companies Act, 1956, depreciation on assets capitalized prior to 16.12.93 is charged at the rates then prevailing on the straight-line method.

4.2. Depreciation on assets purchased / sold during the year is charged for the full month if the asset is in use for more than 15 days, instead of charging the same on pro-rata basis from the date of purchase/sale.

4.3. Depreciation on assets purchased during the year up toRs.5,000/- is provided @ 100%.

4.4. Leasehold land is amortized over the lease period.

5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

An Intangible Assets is recognized where it is probable that the future economic benefits attributable to the assets will flow to the company. These Assets are amortized over a period of 5 years.

6. INVESTMENTS

Long term investments are carried at cost less provisions, if any (except mutual funds which are valued at NAV) for diminutions in the value of such investment. Current investments are carried at the cost or affair value whichever is lower.

7. CURRENT TAX AND DEFERRED TAX

Income Tax expenses comprises current Income Tax (Amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax charge or credit (reffecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period) is determined in accordance with Accounting Standard- 22 of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantially established by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred Tax Assets are recognized and carry forward to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such Deferred Tax Assets can be realized.

8. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment loss. Recoverable amount is the higher of assets net selling prices and value in use.

9. PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and reliable estimate of amount of the obligation can be made. Provisions are determined based on management estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates.

10. BOND / DEBT ISSUE

10.1. Expenditure on raising of funds by way of bonds is charged to revenue in the year of issue of such bonds.

10.2. The Corporation discharges its obligation towards payment of interest warrants relating to bonds by depositing the amount in the designated Interest Warrant Bank Accounts. Accordingly, the payments are treated as final payments and these designated accounts are not exhibited in the books but reconciliation thereof is carried out.

10.3. Expenditure incurred on raising of funds is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which it is incurred except the discount/interest on the Commercial Papers/ Reg- S-Bonds (External Commercial Borrowings), which is amortized proportionately over the period of its tenure.

10.4 Gain or loss on Interest rate swaps on domestic borrowing is adjusted against the interest cost as on the settlement date.

11. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, financing and investing activities of the Company are segregated.

12. PRIOR PERIOD/ PREPAID ADJUSTMENTS

12.1. Considering the nature of business, interest income/

expenditure for the earlier years ascertained and determined during the year is accounted for in the year in which it is so ascertained/determined.

12.2. Other items not exceeding Rs.5,00,000/- in each case are accounted for under natural heads of account.

13. EMPLOYEES BENEFITS

13.1. The liability for employees benefit in respect of Gratuity is ascertained on actuarial valuation is provided and funded separately.

13.2. Short term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the profit and loss account of the year in which the related services is rendered.

13.3. Post employment and other long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the profit and loss account for the year in which the employees has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of the amounts payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains and losses in respect of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to the profit & loss account.

14. TRANSACTION IN FOREIGN CURRENCY

14.1. Foreign Currency transactions are initially recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction. Foreign Currency loans/liabilities are translated/ converted with reference to the rates of exchange ruling at year end and the resultant exchange fluctuation is charged to Profit & Loss account.

14.2. The portion of Foreign Currency loans swapped into Indian rupees is stated at the rate fixed in the swap transaction, and not translated at the year end rate.

15. GRANTS/FUNDS FROM GOVERNMENT

Un-disbursed funds of grant received for further disbursements are classified as current liabilities. Interest wherever earned on such funds is either credited to respective grant account if terms of the grant so requires or to "other income".


Mar 31, 2010

1. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(a) Accounting Convention: - The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and applicable accounting standard in India. The financial statements adhere to the relevant presentational requirement of the Companies Act, 1956.

(b) Use of Estimates: - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumption that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure thereof at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which results materialize.

2. REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Corporation has formulated its own detailed Prudential Norms which are broadly based on the Prudential Norms prescribed by RBI for NBFCs. Accounting is done in accordance with these Prudential Norms of REC and the salient features of the same for Income Recognition, Asset classification and Provisioning are as under:

2.1. Income Recognition

a. Income on Non Performing Assets where interest/ principal has become overdue for two quarters or more is recognized as and when received and appropriated. Any such income recognized before the asset becomes non-performing and remaining unrealized is reversed.

Unless otherwise agreed, the recoveries from the borrowers are appropriated in the order of (i) costs and expenses of REC (ii) penal interest including interest tax, if any (iii) overdue interest including interest tax, if any, and (iv) repayment of principal, the oldest being adjusted first.

In respect of loans whose terms are renegotiated / rescheduled / restructured, income is recognized on accrual basis when it is reasonably expected that there is no uncertainty of receipt of dues from the borrowers and a legally binding Memorandum of Agreement has been executed and there has been satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms till a period of at least one year from the effective date of the corresponding MOU.

b. Income of Agency Charges on RGGVY Schemes is recognized on the basis of the services rendered and amount sanctioned by the Ministry of Power.

c. Income from investments

(1) Income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies and units of mutual funds shall be taken into account on cash basis:

Provided that the income from dividend on shares of corporate bodies may be taken into account on accrual basis when such dividend has been declared by the corporate body in its annual general meeting and RECs right to receive payment is established.

(2) Income from bonds and debentures of corporate bodies and from Government securities/bonds shall be taken into account on accrual basis:

Provided that the interest rate on these instruments is pre- determined and interest is serviced regularly and is not in arrears.

(3) Income on securities of corporate bodies or public sector undertakings, the payment of interest and repayment of principal of which have been guaranteed by Central Government or a State Government shall be taken into account on accrual basis.

2.2 Assets Classification

Loans and advances and any other form of credit are classified into the following classes, namely:

(i) Standard Assets: ‘Standard assets means an asset which is not an NPA and in respect of which no default in repayment of principal or payment of interest is perceived and which does not disclose any problem or carry more than normal risk attached to the business, or a deemed standard asset which is defined below;

and

‘a deemed standard asset means

A facility made to a state utility against state government undertaking for deduction from central plan allocation for making payment to REC against its unpaid dues.

(ii) Sub-Standard Assets: ‘Sub-standard asset means:

(a) an asset which has been classified as non-performing asset for a period not exceeding 18 months;

(b) an asset where the terms of the agreement regarding interest and / or principal have been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured, until the expiry of one year of satisfactory performance under the renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured terms.

(c) The rescheduling or restructuring or renegotiation of a standard infrastructure loan asset shall not cause it to be reclassified if the revised project is found to be viable by the competent authority.

(iii) Doubtful Assets: Doubtful asset means an asset which remains a substandard asset for a period exceeding 18 months.

(iv) Loss Assets: Loss assets means –

a) An asset which has been identified as loss asset by REC to the extent it is not written off by REC or the asset remains doubtful for a period exceeding 5 years, whichever is earlier.

b) An asset which is adversely affected by a potential threat of non-recoverability due to either erosion in the value of security or non availability of security or due to any fraudulent act or omission on the part of the borrower.

For the purpose of application of Prudential Norms and provisioning Norms,

i. Facilities granted to State/Central Sector entities are considered loan wise.

ii. Facilities granted to other entities are considered borrower wise.

2.3 Provisioning against Loans

The provisioning requirement in respect of loans, advances and other credit facilities including bills purchased and discounted shall be as under:

(i) Loss Assets – The entire asset shall be written off. If the assets are permitted to remain in the books for any reason, 100% of the outstanding shall be provided for:

(ii) Doubtful assets –

(a) 100% provision to the extent to which the advance is not covered by the realizable value of the security to which REC has a valid recourse shall be made. The realizable value is to be estimated on a realistic basis; Loans covered by Central/ State Govt. guarantee or State Govt. Undertaking for deduction from Central Plan Allocation or loans to any State Govt. shall be treated as secured;

(b) In addition to item(a) above, depending upon the period for which the asset has remained doubtful, provision to the extent of 20% to 50% of the secured portion (i.e. estimated realizable value of the outstanding) shall be made on the following basis :-

Period for which the asset has been % of provision considered as doubtful

Up to one year 20%

1 to 3 years 30%

More than 3 years 50%

(iii) Sub-standard assets - A provision of 10% shall be made.

An asset which has been renegotiated or rescheduled or restructured shall be a sub-standard asset or continue to remain in the same category in which it was prior to its renegotiation or re-schedulement or restructuring, as a doubtful asset or a loss asset as the case may be. Necessary provision is required to be made as applicable to such asset till it is upgraded.

3. FIXED ASSETS

Fixed Assets are shown at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost includes any cost attributable of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

4. DEPRECIATION

4.1. Depreciation on assets is provided on pro rata basis on straight-line method at the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. In terms of option available under the Companies Act, 1956, depreciation on assets capitalized prior to 16.12.93 is charged at the rates then prevailing on the straight-line method.

4.2. Depreciation on assets purchased / sold during the year is charged for the full month if the asset is in use for more than

15 days, instead of charging the same on pro-rata basis from the date of purchase/sale.

4.3. Depreciation on assets purchased during the year up to Rs 5,000/- is provided @ 100%.

4.4. Leasehold land is amortized over the lease period.

5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

An Intangible Assets is recognized where it is probable that the future economic benefits attributable to the assets will flow to the company. These Assets are amortized over a period of 5 years.

6. INVESTMENTS

Long term investments are carried at cost less provisions, if any (except mutual funds which are valued at NAV) for diminutions in the value of such investment. Current investments are carried at the cost or fair value whichever is lower.

7. CURRENT TAX AND DEFERRED TAX

Income Tax expenses comprises current Income Tax (Amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period) is determined in accordance with Accounting Standard- 22 of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantially established by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred Tax Assets are recognized and carry forward to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such Deferred Tax Assets can be realized.

8. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of impairment loss. Recoverable amount is the higher of assets net selling prices and value in use.

9. PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and reliable estimate of amount of the obligation can be made. Provisions are determined based on management estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates.

10. BOND / DEBT ISSUE

10.1. Expenditure on rising of funds by way of bonds is charged to revenue in the year of issue of such bonds.

10.2. The Corporation discharges its obligation towards payment of interest warrants relating to bonds by depositing the amount in the designated Interest Warrant Bank Accounts. Accordingly, the payments are treated as final payments and these designated accounts are not exhibited in the books but reconciliation thereof is carried out.

10.3. Expenditure incurred on raising of funds is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which it is incurred except the discount/interest on the Commercial Papers, which are amortized proportionately over the period of its tenure.

10.4 Gain or loss on Interest rate swaps on domestic borrowing is adjusted against the interest cost as on the settlement date.

11. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, financing and investing activities of the Company are segregated.

12. PRIOR PERIOD/ PREPAID ADJUSTMENTS

12.1. Considering the nature of business, interest income/ expenditure for the earlier years ascertained and determined during the year is accounted for in the year in which it is so ascertained/determined.

12.2. Other items not exceeding Rs.5,00,000/- in each case are accounted for under natural heads of account.

13. EMPLOYEES BENEFITS

13.1. The liability for employees benefit in respect of Gratuity is ascertained on actuarial valuation is provided and funded separately.

13.2 Short term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the profit and loss account of the year in which the related services is rendered.

13.3 Post employment and other long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the profit and loss account for the year in which the employees has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of the amounts payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains and losses in respect of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to the profit & loss account.

14. TRANSACTION IN FOREIGN CURRENCY

14.1 Foreign Currency transactions are initially recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction. Foreign Currency loans/liabilities are translated/ converted with reference to the rates of exchange ruling at year end and the resultant exchange fluctuation is charged to Profit & Loss account.

14.2 The portion of Foreign Currency loans swapped into Indian rupees is stated at the rate fixed in the swap transaction, and not translated at the year end rate.

15. GRANTS/FUNDS FROM GOVERNMENT

Un-disbursed funds of grant received for further disbursements are classified as current liabilities. Interest wherever earned on such funds is either credited to respective grant account if terms of the grant so requires or to "other income".

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