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நிறுவன பெயரின் முதல் சில எழுத்துக்களை நிரப்பி 'கோ' பட்டனை கிளிக் செய்யவும்

Dabur India Ltd. நிறுவனத்தின் கணக்கியல் கொள்கைகள்

Mar 31, 2023

1. COMPANY INFORMATION

Dabur India Limited (the ‘Company’) is a domestic public limited Company with registered office situated at 8/3, Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi - 110002 and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India (NSE). The Company is one of the leading fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) players dealing in consumer care and food products. It has manufacturing facilities across the length and breadth of the country and research and development center in Sahibabad, U.P and selling arrangements primarily in India through independent distributors. However, most of the institutional sales are handled directly by the Company.

2. GENERAL INFORMATION AND STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH IND AS

These standalone financial statements (‘financial statements’) of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, including the Indian Accounting Standards (‘Ind AS’) specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) and other relevant provisions of the Act. The Company has uniformly applied the accounting policies during the periods presented.

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (‘?’) which is also the functional currency of the Company.

The financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2023 were authorized and approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 04 May 2023. The revision to the financial statements is permitted by the Board of Directors after obtaining necessary approvals or at the instance of regulatory authorities as per provisions of the Act.

3. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared on going concern basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in India. Further, the financial statements have been prepared on historical cost basis except for certain financial assets and financial liabilities and share based payments which are measured at fair values as explained in relevant accounting policies.

Amount in the financial statements are presented in '' crores, unless otherwise stated. Certain amounts that are required to be disclosed and do not appear due to rounding-off are expressed as 0.00.

4. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ISSUED BUT NOT MADE EFFECTIVE

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. On March 31,2023, MCA amended the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 by issuing the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2023, applicable from April 1,2023, as below:

Ind AS 1 - Presentation of Financial Statements

The amendments require companies to disclose their material accounting policies rather than their significant accounting policies. Accounting policy information, together with other information, is material when it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions of primary users of general purpose financial statements. The Company does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

Ind AS 12 - Income Taxes

The amendments clarify how companies account for deferred tax on transactions such as leases and decommissioning obligations. The amendments narrowed the scope of the recognition exemption in paragraphs 15 and 24 of Ind AS 12 (recognition exemption) so that it no longer applies to transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. The Company is evaluating the impact, if any, in its financial statements.

Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors

The amendments will help entities to distinguish between accounting policies and accounting estimates. The definition of a change in accounting estimates has been replaced with a definition of accounting estimates. Under the new definition, accounting estimates are

“monetary amounts in financial statements that are subject to measurement uncertainty”. Entities develop accounting estimates if accounting policies require items in financial statements to be measured in a way that involves measurement uncertainty. The Company does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

Ind AS 107 - Financial Instruments: Disclosures

Pursuant to Ind AS 107 information about the measurement basis for financial instruments used in preparing the standalone financial statements would form part of material accounting policy information.

Ind AS 107 has been enlarged to provide for, inter-alia, judgments apart from those involving estimation during the course of applying accounting policies which has significant effect on the amounts recognized in financial statements.

The Company is evaluating the impact, if any, in its financial statements due to above changes.

5. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The financial statements have been prepared using the significant accounting policies and measurement bases summarized below:

a. Current / non-current classification:

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company’s normal operating cycle and other criteria set-out in the Act. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and non-current liabilities, as the case may be.

b. Revenue recognition:

• Revenue from sale of products is recognized when control of products being sold is transferred to customer and when there are no longer any unfulfilled obligations. The performance obligations in contracts are considered as fulfilled in accordance with the terms agreed with the respective customers.

Revenue is measured at fair value of the consideration received or receivable and are accounted for net of returns, rebates and trade discount. Sales, as disclosed, are exclusive of goods and services tax.

The Company considers the terms of the contract and its customary business practices to determine the transaction price. The transaction

price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example taxes collected on behalf of government). The consideration promised in a contract with a customer may include fixed consideration, variable consideration (if reversal is less likely in future), or both.

The transaction price is allocated by the Company to each performance obligation in an amount that depicts the amount of consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods to the customer.

For each performance obligation identified, the Company determines at contract inception whether it satisfies the performance obligation over time or satisfies the performance obligation at a point in time.

When either party to a contract has performed its obligation, an entity shall present the contract in the balance sheet as a contract asset or a contract liability, depending on the relationship between the entity’s performance and the customer’s payment.

• Income from export incentives such as duty drawback, premium on sale of import licenses and lease license fee are recognized on accrual basis when no significant uncertainties as to the amount of consideration that would be derived and as to its ultimate collection exist.

• Rental income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the lease, except for contingent rental income which is recognized when it arises and where scheduled increase in rent compensates the lessor for expected inflationary costs.

• Interest income is recognized using effective interest method.

• Dividend income is recognized at the time when the right to receive is established by the reporting date.

• Other incomes have been recognized on accrual basis in the financial statements, except when there is uncertainty of collection.

c. Property, plant and equipment:

Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost,

net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated

impairment losses, if any. These tangible assets are held for use in production, supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes.

• Cost comprises purchase cost, freight, duties, taxes and other expenses directly incidental to acquisition, bringing the asset to the location and installation including site restoration up to the time when the asset is ready for intended use. Such costs also include borrowing cost if the recognition criteria are met.

• When a major inspection/repair occurs, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. Any remaining carrying amount of the cost of previous inspection/ repair is derecognized. All other repair and maintenance are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

• Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided over the useful lives of assets as specified in Schedule II to the Act except where the management, has estimated useful life of an asset supported by the technical assessment, external or internal, i.e., higher or lower from the indicative useful life given under Schedule II. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.

• Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

Description

Useful lives (upto)

Leasehold land

Over lease period

Building

60 years

Plant and machinery

15 years

Furniture and fixtures

10 years

Vehicles

8 years

Office equipment

10 years

The residual value and useful life is reviewed annually and any deviation is accounted for as a change in estimate.

• Components relevant to property, plant and equipment, where significant, are separately depreciated on straight line basis in terms of their life span assessed by technical evaluation in item specific context.

• For new projects, all direct expenses and direct overheads (excluding services of non-exclusive nature provided by employees in Company’s regular payroll) are capitalized till the assets are ready for intended use.

• During disposal of property, plant and equipment, any profit earned / loss sustained towards excess / shortfall of sale value vis-a-vis carrying cost of assets is accounted for in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

d. Capital work-in-progress:

Capital work-in-progress represents expenditure incurred in respect of capital projects and are carried at cost. Cost comprises purchase cost, related acquisition expenses, development / construction costs, borrowing costs and other direct expenditure.

e. Investment property:

Properties held to earn rentals or / and for capital appreciation or both but not for sale in the ordinary course of business, use in the production or supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes, are categorized as investment properties. These are measured initially at cost of acquisition, including transaction costs and other direct costs attributable to bringing asset to its working condition for intended use. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any. The cost shall also include borrowing cost if the recognition criteria are met. Said assets are depreciated on straight line basis based on expected life span of assets which is in accordance with Schedule II of the Act.

Significant parts of the property are depreciated separately based on their specific useful lives as follows:

Description

Useful lives (upto)

Leasehold land

Over lease period

Building

60 years

Any gain or loss on disposal of investment properties is recognized in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Fair value of investments properties under each category are disclosed under note 6C to the standalone financial statements. Fair values are determined based on the evaluation performed by an accredited external independent valuer applying a recognized and accepted valuation model or

estimation based on available sources of information from market.

Transfers to or from the investment property is made only when there is a change in use and the same is made at the carrying amount of investment property.

f. Intangible assets:

• Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost of acquisition. The cost comprises of purchase price and directly attributable costs of bringing the assets to its working condition for intended use. Intangible assets arising on acquisition of business are measured at fair value as at date of acquisition. In case of internally generated assets, measured at development cost subject to satisfaction of recognition criteria (identifiability, control and future economic benefit) in accordance with Ind AS 38 ‘Intangible Assets’.

• Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, if any.

• Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful economic life. The amortization expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

• Amortization of intangible assets such as softwares is computed on a straight-line basis, at the rates representing estimated useful life of up to 5 years. The brands and trademarks acquired as part of business combinations normally have a remaining legal life of not exceeding ten years but is renewable every ten years at nominal cost and is well established.

g. Government subsidy / grants:

Government grant is recognized only when there is a reasonable assurance that the entity will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants will be received.

• Subsidy related to assets is recognized as deferred income which is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss on systematic basis over the useful life of the assets.

• Purchase of assets and receipts of related grants are separately disclosed in Standalone Statement of Cash Flow.

• Grants related to income are treated as other operating income in Standalone Statement of

Profit and Loss subject to due disclosure about the nature of grant.

h. Impairment of non-financial assets

At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether there is any indication based on internal / external factors, that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset or the cash generating unit (CGU) is estimated. If such recoverable amount of the asset or CGU to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. If, at the reporting date, there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount. Impairment losses previously recognized are accordingly reversed in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. An asset is deemed impairable when recoverable value is less than its carrying cost and the difference between the two represents provisioning exigency.

i. Impairment of financial assets:

In accordance with Ind AS 109 ‘Financial Instruments’, the Company applies expected credit loss (‘ECL’) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss for financial assets. ECL is the weighted-average of difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate, with the respective risks of default occurring as the weights. When estimating the cash flows, the Company is required to consider:

• All contractual terms of the financial assets (including prepayment and extension) over the expected life of the assets;

• Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms.

• Trade receivables:

In respect of trade receivables, the Company applies the simplified approach of Ind AS 109 ‘Financial Instruments’, which requires measurement of loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses. Lifetime expected credit losses are the expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument.

• Other financial assets:

In respect of its other financial assets, the Company assesses if the credit risk on those financial assets has increased significantly since initial recognition. If the credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses, else at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses.

When making this assessment, the Company uses the change in the risk of a default occurring over the expected life of the financial asset. To make that assessment, the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial asset as at the balance sheet date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial asset as at the date of initial recognition and considers reasonable and supportable information, that is available without undue cost or effort, that is indicative of significant increases in credit risk since initial recognition. The Company assumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition if the financial asset is determined to have low credit risk at the balance sheet date.

j. Financial instruments:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument and are measured initially at fair value adjusted for transaction costs, except for those carried at fair value through profit or loss which are measured initially at fair value. Subsequent measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities is described below:

Non-derivative financial assets

Subsequent measurement

• Financial assets carried at amortized cost

A financial asset is measured at the amortized cost, if both the following conditions are met:

a. The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows; and

b. Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (‘SPPI’) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (‘EIR’) method.

• Investments in equity instruments of subsidiaries and joint ventures

Investments in equity instruments of subsidiaries and joint ventures are accounted for at cost in accordance with Ind AS 27 ‘Separate Financial Statements’.

• Investments in other equity instruments

Investments in equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at fair value through profit or loss (‘FVTPL’). For all other equity instruments, the Company makes an irrevocable choice upon initial recognition, on an instrument by instrument basis, to classify the same either as at fair value through other comprehensive income (‘FVTOCI’) or fair value through profit or loss (‘FVTPL’). Amounts presented in other comprehensive income are not subsequently transferred to profit or loss. However, the Company transfers the cumulative gain or loss within equity. Dividends on such investments are recognized in profit or loss unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment.

• Debt instruments

Debt instruments are initially measured at amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (‘FVTOCI’) or fair value through profit or loss (‘FVTPL’) till de-recognition on the basis of:

i. the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets; and

ii. the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

a. Measured at amortized cost

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method less impairment, if any. The amortization of EIR and loss arising from impairment, if any is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both, selling

financial assets and collecting contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (‘OCI’). Interest income measured using the EIR method and impairment losses, if any are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. On de-recognition, cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is reclassified from the equity to ‘other income’ in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

c. Measured at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset not classified as either amortized cost or FVTOCI, is classified as FVTPL. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognized as ‘other income’ in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

• Investments in mutual funds

Investments in mutual funds are measured at FVTPL.

De-recognition of financial assets

A financial asset is primarily de-recognized when the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired or the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset.

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Subsequent measurement

Subsequent to initial recognition, all non-derivative financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

De-recognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability is de-recognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derivative financial instruments

The Company holds derivative financial instruments in the form of future contracts to mitigate the risk

of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency exposure. The counterparty for these contracts are scheduled commercial banks / regulated brokerage firms.

Although these derivatives constitute hedges from an economic perspective, they do not qualify for hedge accounting under Ind AS 109 ‘Financial Instruments’ and consequently are categorized as financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss. The resulting exchange gain or loss is included in other income / expenses and attributable transaction costs are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when incurred.

• Financial guarantee contracts

Financial guarantee contracts are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified party fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognized as a financial liability at the time the guarantee is issued at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of expected loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 ‘Financial Instruments’ and the amount recognized less cumulative amortization.

• Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Standalone Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

k. Fair value measurement:

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each Standalone Balance Sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

• In the principal market for the asset or liability; or

• In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by reassessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

The Company’s management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement, such as derivative instruments and unquoted financial assets measured at fair value, and for non-recurring measurement, such as assets held for distribution in discontinued operations.

l. Leases:

Where the Company is the lessee

Right of use assets and lease liabilities

A lease is defined as ‘a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to use an asset (the underlying asset) for a period of time in exchange for consideration’. The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various assets. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether: (i) the contract involves the use of an identified asset (ii) the Company obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.

Recognition and initial measurement

At lease commencement date, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet. The right-of-use asset is measured at cost, which is made up of the initial measurement of the lease liability, any initial direct costs incurred by the Company, an estimate of any costs to dismantle and remove the asset at the end of the lease (if any), and any lease payments made in advance of the lease commencement date (net of any incentives received).

Subsequent measurement

The Company depreciates the right-of-use assets on a straight-line basis from the lease commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The Company also assesses the right-of-use asset for impairment when such indicators exist.

At lease commencement date, the Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments unpaid at that date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease if that rate is readily available or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability are made up of fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments) and variable payments based on an index or rate. Subsequent to initial measurement, the liability will be reduced for payments made and increased for interest. It is re-measured to reflect any reassessment or modification, or if there are changes in in-substance fixed payments. When the lease liability is re-measured, the corresponding adjustment is reflected in the right-of-use asset.

The Company has elected to account for shortterm leases and leases of low-value assets using the practical expedients. Instead of recognizing a right-of-use asset and lease liability, the payments in relation to these are recognized as an expense in standalone statement of profit and loss on a straightline basis over the lease term.

Where the Company is the lessor

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Rental income from operating lease is recognized on a straightline basis or another systematic basis as per the terms of the relevant lease. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized over the lease term on the same basis as rental income. Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in which they are earned.

Leases are classified as finance leases when substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership transfer from the Company to the lessee. Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recorded as receivables at the Company’s net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment outstanding in respect of the lease.

m. Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes purchase price, duties, transport, handing costs and other costs directly attributable to the acquisition and bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

The basis of determination of cost is as follows:

• Raw material, packing material and stock-in-trade valued on moving weighted average basis;

• Stores and spares valued on weighted average basis;

• Work-in-progress valued at cost of input valued at moving weighted average basis plus overheads up till the stage of completion; and

• Finished goods valued at cost of input valued at moving weighted average basis plus appropriate overheads.

n. Employee benefits:

Liabilities in respect of employee benefits to employees are provided for as follows:

• Current employee benefits

a. Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employees’ services up to the end

of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be incurred when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee dues payable in the Standalone Balance Sheet.

b. Employees’ State Insurance (‘ESI’) is provided on the basis of actual liability accrued and paid to authorities.

c. The Company has adopted a policy on compensated absences which are both accumulating and non-accumulating in nature. The expected cost of accumulating compensated absences is determined by actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary at each balance sheet date using projected unit credit method on the additional amount expected to be paid / availed as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the balance sheet date. Expense on non-accumulating compensated absences is recognized in the period in which the absences occur.

d. Expense in respect of other short-term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount paid or payable for the period during which services are rendered by the employee.

• Post separation employee benefit plan

a. Defined benefit plan

¦ Post separation benefits of Directors are accounted for on the basis of actuarial valuation as per Ind AS 19 ‘Employee Benefits’.

¦ Gratuity liability accounted for on the basis of actuarial valuation as per Ind AS 19 ‘Employee Benefits’. Liability recognized in the Standalone Balance Sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of each reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. The present value of defined benefit is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yield at the end of each reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximate to the terms of the related obligation. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the

defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

¦ The Company contributes its share of contribution to Employees’ Provident Fund Scheme administered by a separate trust with its obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, in trust fund arising on account of difference between the return on investments of the trust and the interest rate on provident fund dues notified periodically by the Central Government and any expected loss in investment. Liability recognized in the Standalone Balance Sheet in respect of Dabur India E.P.F trust is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of each reporting period less the fair value of plan assets on the basis of actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method.

¦ Actuarial gain / loss pertaining to gratuity, post separation benefits and PF trust are accounted for as OCI. All remaining components of costs are accounted for in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Defined contribution plans

Liability for superannuation fund is provided on the basis of the premium paid to insurance company in respect of employees covered under Superannuation Fund Policy.

o. Taxation:

Tax expense recognized in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss comprises the sum of deferred tax and current tax except the ones recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Current tax is determined as the tax payable in respect of taxable income for the year and is computed in accordance with relevant tax regulations. Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

Minimum alternate tax (‘MAT’) credit entitlement is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that normal income tax will be paid during the specified period. In the year in which MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss and

shown as MAT credit entitlement. This is reviewed at each balance sheet date and the carrying amount of MAT credit entitlement is written down to the extent it is not reasonably certain that normal income tax will be paid during the specified period.

Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit under Income-tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss is recognized outside Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

p. Provisions, contingent liability and contingent assets:

• Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation, as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made at the reporting date. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Provisions are discounted to their present values, where the time value of money is material.

• Contingent liability is disclosed for:

a. Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of the Company; or

b. Present obligations arising from past events where it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made.

• Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed except when realization of income is virtually certain, related asset is recognized.

q. Foreign currency transactions and translations:

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the functional currency, by applying the exchange rate between the functional currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Foreign currency monetary items outstanding at the balance sheet date are converted to functional currency using the closing rate. Non-monetary items denominated in a foreign currency which are carried at historical cost are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transactions.

Exchange differences arising on monetary items on settlement, or restatement as at reporting date, at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded, are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.

r. Share based payments - Employee Stock Option Scheme (‘ESOP’):

The fair value of options granted under Employee Stock Option Plan is recognized as an employee benefits expense with a corresponding increase in equity. The total amount to be expensed is determined by reference to the fair value of the options. The total expense is recognized over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting conditions are to be satisfied. At the end of each period, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest based on the nonmarket vesting and service conditions. It recognizes the impact of the revision to original estimates, if any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to equity. Upon exercise of share options, the proceeds received are allocated to share capital up to the par value of the shares issued with any excess being recorded as share premium.

s. Operating segments:

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (‘CODM’) of the Company. The CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments of the Company.

t. Earnings per share:

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributed to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all potentially dilutive equity shares.

u. Research and development:

Expenditure on research is recognized as an expense when it is incurred. Expenditure on development which does not meet the criteria for recognition as an intangible asset is recognized as an expense when it is incurred.

Items of property, plant and equipment and acquired intangible assets utilized for research and development are capitalized and depreciated / amortized in accordance with the policies stated for Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets.

v. Borrowing cost:

Borrowing cost consists of interest and other costs incurred in connection with the borrowing of funds and also include exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the same. Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition and/ or construction of a qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is necessary to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

w. Cash and cash equivalents:

For the purpose of the Standalone Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and cheques in hand, bank balances, demand deposits with banks where the original maturity is three months or less and other short-term highly liquid investments net of outstanding bank overdrafts and cash credit facilities as they are considered an integral part of the Company’s cash management.

x. Significant management judgement in applying accounting policies and estimation uncertainty:

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements requires the management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities:

• Evaluation of indicators for impairment of assets

The evaluation of applicability of indicators of impairment of assets requires, the management to make an assessment of several external and internal factors which could result in deterioration of recoverable amount of the assets.

• Recoverability of advances / receivables

At each balance sheet date, based on historical default rates observed over expected life, the management assesses the expected credit losses on outstanding receivables and advances.

• Defined benefit obligation (‘DBO’)

Management’s estimate of the DBO is based on a number of underlying assumptions such as standard rates of inflation, mortality, discount rate and anticipation of future salary increases. Variation in these assumptions may significantly impact the DBO amount and the annual defined benefit expenses.

• Provisions

At each balance sheet date basis the management judgment, changes in facts and legal aspects, the Company assesses the requirement of provisions against the outstanding contingent liabilities. However, the actual future outcome may be different from this judgement.

• Leases

The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various premises. The assessment (including measurement) of the lease is based on several factors, including, but not limited to, transfer of ownership of leased asset at end of lease term, lessee’s option to extend/terminate etc. After the commencement date, the Company reassesses the lease term if there is a significant event or change in circumstances that is within its control and affects its ability to exercise or not to exercise the option to extend or to terminate.

• Contingencies

Contingent liabilities may arise from the ordinary course of business in relation to claims against the Company, (refer note 45A). By their nature, contingencies will be resolved only when one or more uncertain future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of the existence, and potential quantum, of contingencies inherently involves the exercise of significant judgments by management and the use of estimates regarding the outcome of future events.

• Fair value measurements

Management applies valuation techniques to determine the fair value of financial instruments (where active market quotes are not available) and share based payments. This involves developing estimates and assumptions consistent with how market participants would price the instrument. The Company engages third party valuers, where required, to perform the valuation. Information about the valuation techniques and inputs used in determining the fair value of various assets, liabilities and share based payments are disclosed in the notes to standalone financial statements.

• Inventories

The Company estimates the net realizable values of inventories, taking into account the most reliable evidence available at each reporting date. The future realization of these inventories may be affected by future demand or other market-driven changes that may reduce future selling prices.

• Useful lives of depreciable / amortizable assets

Management reviews its estimate of the useful lives of depreciable / amortizable assets at each reporting date, based on the expected utility of the assets. Uncertainties in these estimates relate to technical and economic obsolescence that may change the utility of assets.

• Valuation of investment property

Investment property is stated at cost. However, as per Ind AS 40 ‘Investment Property’, there is a requirement to disclose fair value as at the balance sheet date. The Company engages independent valuation specialists to determine the fair value of its investment property as at reporting date.

• Income taxes

The Company’s tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgements are involved in estimating budgeted profits for the purpose of paying advance tax, determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions. The extent to which deferred tax assets/minimum alternate tax credit can be recognized is based on management’s assessment of the probability of the future taxable income against which the deferred tax assets/ minimum alternate tax credit can be utilized.


Mar 31, 2022

1. COMPANY INFORMATION

Dabur India Limited (the ‘Company’) is a domestic public limited Company with registered office situated at 8/3, Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi - 110002 and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India (NSE). The Company is one of the leading fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) players dealing in consumer care and food products. It has manufacturing facilities across the length and breadth of the country and research and development center in Sahibabad, U.P and selling arrangements primarily in India through independent distributors. However, most of the institutional sales are handled directly by the Company.

2. GENERAL INFORMATION AND STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH IND AS

These standalone financial statements (‘financial statements’) of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, including the Indian Accounting Standards (‘Ind AS’) specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) and other relevant provisions of the Act. The Company has uniformly applied the accounting policies during the periods presented.

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (V) which is also the functional currency of the Company.

The financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2022 were authorized and approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 05 May 2022. The revision to the financial statements is permitted by the Board of Directors after obtaining necessary approvals or at the instance of regulatory authorities as per provisions of the Act.

3. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared on going concern basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in India. Further, the financial statements have been prepared on historical cost basis except for certain financial assets and financial liabilities and share based payments which are measured at fair values as explained in relevant accounting policies.

Amount in the financial statements are presented in '' crores, unless otherwise stated. Certain amounts that are required to be disclosed and do not appear due to rounding-off are expressed as 0.00.

4. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ISSUED BUT NOT MADE EFFECTIVE

Amendment to Ind AS 16, Property, Plant and Equipment

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) vide notification dated 23 March 2022, has issued an amendment to Ind AS 16 which specifies that an entity shall deduct from the cost of an item of property, plant and equipment any proceeds received from selling items produced while the entity is preparing the asset for its intended use (for example, the proceeds from selling samples produced when testing a machine to see if it is functioning properly).

Amendment to Ind AS 37, Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) vide notification dated 23 March 2022, has issued an amendment to Ind AS 37 which specifies that the cost of fulfilling a contract comprises: the incremental costs of fulfilling that contract and an allocation of other costs that relate directly to fulfilling contracts.

Amendment to Ind AS 103, Business Combinations

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) vide notification dated 23 March 2022, has issued an amendment to Ind AS 103 and has added a new exception in the standard for liabilities and contingent liabilities.

Amendment to Ind AS 109, Financial Instruments

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) vide notification dated 23 March 2022, has issued an amendment to Ind AS 109 which clarifies that which fees an entity should include when it applies the ‘10%’ test in assessing whether to derecognise a financial liability. An entity includes only fees paid or received between the entity (the borrower) and the lender, including fees paid or received by either the entity or the lender on the other’s behalf.

The amendments are extensive and the Company will evaluate the same to give effect to them as required by law.


5. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The financial statements have been prepared using the significant accounting policies and measurement bases summarized below:

a. Current / non-current classification:

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company’s normal operating cycle and other criteria set-out in the Act. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and non-current liabilities, as the case may be.

b. Revenue recognition:

• Revenue from sale of products is recognized when control of products being sold is transferred to customer and when there are no longer any unfulfilled obligations. The performance obligations in contracts are considered as fulfilled in accordance with the terms agreed with the respective customers.

Revenue is measured at fair value of the consideration received or receivable and are accounted for net of returns, rebates and trade discount. Sales, as disclosed, are exclusive of goods and services tax.

The Company considers the terms of the contract and its customary business practices to determine the transaction price. The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example taxes collected on behalf of government). The consideration promised in a contract with a customer may include fixed consideration, variable consideration (if reversal is less likely in future), or both.

The transaction price is allocated by the Company to each performance obligation in an amount that depicts the amount of consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods to the customer.

For each performance obligation identified, the Company determines at contract inception whether it satisfies the performance obligation over time or satisfies the performance obligation at a point in time.

When either party to a contract has performed its obligation, an entity shall present the contract in the balance sheet as a contract asset or a

contract liability, depending on the relationship between the entity’s performance and the customer’s payment.

• Income from export incentives such as duty drawback, premium on sale of import licenses and lease license fee are recognized on accrual basis when no significant uncertainties as to the amount of consideration that would be derived and as to its ultimate collection exist.

• Rental income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the lease, except for contingent rental income which is recognized when it arises and where scheduled increase in rent compensates the lessor for expected inflationary costs.

• Interest income is recognized using effective interest method.

• Dividend income is recognized at the time when the right to receive is established by the reporting date.

• Other incomes have been recognized on accrual basis in the financial statements, except when there is uncertainty of collection.

c. Property, plant and equipment:

Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. These tangible assets are held for use in production, supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes.

• Cost comprises purchase cost, freight, duties, taxes and other expenses directly incidental to acquisition, bringing the asset to the location and installation including site restoration up to the time when the asset is ready for intended use. Such costs also include borrowing cost if the recognition criteria are met.

• When a major inspection/repair occurs, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. Any remaining carrying amount of the cost of previous inspection/repair is derecognized. All other repair and maintenance are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

• Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided over the useful lives of assets as specified in Schedule II to the Act except

Description

Useful lives (upto)

Leasehold land

Over lease period

Building

60 years

Plant and machinery

15 years

Furniture and fixtures

10 years

Vehicles

8 years

Office equipment

10 years

where the management, has estimated useful life of an asset supported by the technical assessment, external or internal, i.e., higher or lower from the indicative useful life given under Schedule II. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.

• Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

The residual value and useful life is reviewed annually and any deviation is accounted for as a change in estimate.

• Components relevant to property, plant and equipment, where significant, are separately depreciated on straight line basis in terms of their life span assessed by technical evaluation in item specific context.

• For new projects, all direct expenses and direct overheads (excluding services of non-exclusive nature provided by employees in Company’s regular payroll) are capitalized till the assets are ready for intended use.

• During disposal of property, plant and equipment, any profit earned / loss sustained towards excess / shortfall of sale value vis-a-vis carrying cost of assets is accounted for in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

d. Capital work-in-progress:

Capital work-in-progress represents expenditure incurred in respect of capital projects and are carried at cost. Cost comprises purchase cost, related acquisition expenses, development / construction costs, borrowing costs and other direct expenditure.

e. Investment property:

Properties held to earn rentals or / and for capital appreciation or both but not for sale in the ordinary course of business, use in the production or supply

of goods or services or for administrative purposes, are categorized as investment properties. These are measured initially at cost of acquisition, including transaction costs and other direct costs attributable to bringing asset to its working condition for intended use. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any. The cost shall also include borrowing cost if the recognition criteria are met. Said assets are depreciated on straight line basis based on expected life span of assets which is in accordance with Schedule II of the Act.

Significant parts of the property are depreciated separately based on their specific useful lives as follows:

Description

Useful lives (upto)

Leasehold land

Over lease period

Building

60 years

Any gain or loss on disposal of investment properties is recognized in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Fair value of investments properties under each category are disclosed under note 6C to the standalone financial statements. Fair values are determined based on the evaluation performed by an accredited external independent valuer applying a recognized and accepted valuation model or estimation based on available sources of information from market.

Transfers to or from the investment property is made only when there is a change in use and the same is made at the carrying amount of investment property.

f. Intangible assets:

• Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost of acquisition. The cost comprises of purchase price and directly attributable costs of bringing the assets to its working condition for intended use. Intangible assets arising on acquisition of business are measured at fair value as at date of acquisition. In case of internally generated assets, measured at development cost subject to satisfaction of recognition criteria (identifiability, control and future economic benefit) in accordance with Ind AS 38 ‘Intangible Assets’.

• Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, if any.

• Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful economic life. The amortization expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

• Amortization of intangible assets such as softwares is computed on a straight-line basis, at the rates representing estimated useful life of up to 5 years. The brands and trademarks acquired as part of business combinations normally have a remaining legal life of not exceeding ten years but is renewable every ten years at nominal cost and is well established.

g. Government subsidy / grants:

Government grant is recognized only when there is a reasonable assurance that the entity will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants will be received.

• Subsidy related to assets is recognized as deferred income which is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss on systematic basis over the useful life of the assets.

• Purchase of assets and receipts of related grants are separately disclosed in Standalone Statement of Cash Flow.

• Grants related to income are treated as other operating income in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss subject to due disclosure about the nature of grant.

h. Impairment of non-financial assets

At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether there is any indication based on internal / external factors, that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset or the cash generating unit (CGU) is estimated. If such recoverable amount of the asset or CGU to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. If, at the reporting date, there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount. Impairment losses previously recognized are accordingly reversed in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. An asset is deemed impairable when recoverable value is less than its carrying

cost and the difference between the two represents provisioning exigency.

i. Impairment of financial assets:

In accordance with Ind AS 109 ‘Financial Instruments’, the Company applies expected credit loss (‘ECL’) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss for financial assets. ECL is the weighted-average of difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate, with the respective risks of default occurring as the weights. When estimating the cash flows, the Company is required to consider:

• All contractual terms of the financial assets (including prepayment and extension) over the expected life of the assets;

• Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms.

• Trade receivables:

In respect of trade receivables, the Company applies the simplified approach of Ind AS 109 ‘Financial Instruments’, which requires measurement of loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses. Lifetime expected credit losses are the expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument.

• Other financial assets:

In respect of its other financial assets, the Company assesses if the credit risk on those financial assets has increased significantly since initial recognition. If the credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses, else at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses.

When making this assessment, the Company uses the change in the risk of a default occurring over the expected life of the financial asset. To make that assessment, the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial asset as at the balance sheet date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial asset as at the date of initial recognition and considers reasonable and supportable information, that is available without undue cost or effort, that is indicative of significant

increases in credit risk since initial recognition. The Company assumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition if the financial asset is determined to have low credit risk at the balance sheet date.

j. Financial instruments:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument and are measured initially at fair value adjusted for transaction costs, except for those carried at fair value through profit or loss which are measured initially at fair value. Subsequent measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities is described below:

Non-derivative financial assets Subsequent measurement• Financial assets carried at amortized cost

A financial asset is measured at the amortized cost, if both the following conditions are met:

a. The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows; and

b. Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (‘SPPI’) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (‘EIR’) method.

• Investments in equity instruments of subsidiaries and joint ventures

Investments in equity instruments of subsidiaries and joint ventures are accounted for at cost in accordance with Ind AS 27 ‘Separate Financial Statements’.

• Investments in other equity instruments

Investments in equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at fair value through profit or loss (‘FVTPL’). For all other equity instruments, the Company makes an irrevocable choice upon initial recognition, on an instrument by instrument basis, to classify the same either as at fair value through other comprehensive income (‘FVTOCI’) or fair value through profit or loss (‘FVTPL’). Amounts presented in other comprehensive

income are not subsequently transferred to profit or loss. However, the Company transfers the cumulative gain or loss within equity. Dividends on such investments are recognized in profit or loss unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment.

• Debt instruments

Debt instruments are initially measured at amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (‘FVTOCI’) or fair value through profit or loss (‘FVTPL’) till de-recognition on the basis of:

i. the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets; and

ii. the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

a. Measured at amortized cost

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method less impairment, if any. The amortization of EIR and loss arising from impairment, if any is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both, selling financial assets and collecting contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (‘OCI’). Interest income measured using the EIR method and impairment losses, if any are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. On de-recognition, cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is reclassified from the equity to ‘other income’ in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

c. Measured at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset not classified as either amortized cost or FVTOCI, is classified as FVTPL. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognized as ‘other income’ in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

• Investments in mutual funds

Investments in mutual funds are measured at FVTPL.

De-recognition of financial assets

A financial asset is primarily de-recognized when the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired or the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset.

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Subsequent measurement

Subsequent to initial recognition, all non-derivative financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

De-recognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability is de-recognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the de-recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derivative financial instruments

The Company holds derivative financial instruments in the form of future contracts to mitigate the risk of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency exposure. The counterparty for these contracts are scheduled commercial banks / regulated brokerage firms.

Although these derivatives constitute hedges from an economic perspective, they do not qualify for hedge accounting under Ind AS 109 ‘Financial Instruments’ and consequently are categorized as financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss. The resulting exchange gain or loss is included in other income / expenses and attributable transaction costs are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when incurred.

• Financial guarantee contracts

Financial guarantee contracts are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because

the specified party fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognized as a financial liability at the time the guarantee is issued at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of expected loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 ‘Financial Instruments’ and the amount recognized less cumulative amortization.

• Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Standalone Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

k. Fair value measurement:

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each Standalone Balance Sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

• In the principal market for the asset or liability; or

• In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by reassessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

The Company’s management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement, such as derivative instruments and unquoted financial assets measured at fair value, and for non-recurring measurement, such as assets held for distribution in discontinued operations.

l. Leases:Where the Company is the lesseeRight of use assets and lease liabilities

A lease is defined as ‘a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to use an asset (the underlying asset) for a period of time in exchange for consideration’. The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various assets. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether: (i) the contract involves the use of an identified asset (ii) the Company obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.

Recognition and initial measurement

At lease commencement date, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet. The right-of-use asset is measured at cost, which is made up of the initial measurement of the lease liability, any initial direct costs incurred by the Company, an estimate of any costs to dismantle and remove the asset at the end of the lease (if any), and any lease payments made in advance of the lease commencement date (net of any incentives received).

Subsequent measurement

The Company depreciates the right-of-use assets on a straight-line basis from the lease commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The Company also assesses the right-of-use asset for impairment when such indicators exist.

At lease commencement date, the Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments unpaid at that date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease if that rate is readily available or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability are made up of fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments) and variable payments based on an index or rate. Subsequent to initial measurement, the liability will be reduced for payments made and increased for interest. It is re-measured to reflect any reassessment or modification, or if there are changes in in-substance fixed payments. When the lease liability is re-measured, the corresponding adjustment is reflected in the right-of-use asset.

The Company has elected to account for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets using the practical expedients. Instead of recognizing a right-of-use asset and lease liability, the payments in relation to these are recognized as an expense in standalone statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Where the Company is the lessor

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Rental income from operating lease is recognized on a straight-line basis or another systematic basis as per the terms of the relevant lease. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating

lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized over the lease term on the same basis as rental income. Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in which they are earned.

Leases are classified as finance leases when substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership transfer from the Company to the lessee. Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recorded as receivables at the Company’s net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment outstanding in respect of the lease.

m. Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes purchase price, duties, transport, handing costs and other costs directly attributable to the acquisition and bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

The basis of determination of cost is as follows:

• Raw material, packing material and stock-intrade valued on moving weighted average basis;

• Stores and spares valued on weighted average basis;

• Work-in-progress valued at cost of input valued at moving weighted average basis plus overheads up till the stage of completion; and

• Finished goods valued at cost of input valued at moving weighted average basis plus appropriate overheads.

n. Employee benefits:

Liabilities in respect of employee benefits to employees are provided for as follows:

• Current employee benefits

a. Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employees’ services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be incurred when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee dues payable in the Standalone Balance Sheet.

b. Employees’ State Insurance (‘ESI’) is provided on the basis of actual liability accrued and paid to authorities.

c. The Company has adopted a policy on compensated absences which are both accumulating and non-accumulating in nature. The expected cost of accumulating compensated absences is determined by actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary at each balance sheet date using projected unit credit method on the additional amount expected to be paid / availed as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the balance sheet date. Expense on non-accumulating compensated absences is recognized in the period in which the absences occur.

d. Expense in respect of other short-term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount paid or payable for the period during which services are rendered by the employee.

• Post separation employee benefit plan a. Defined benefit plan

¦ Post separation benefits of Directors are accounted for on the basis of actuarial valuation as per Ind AS 19 ‘Employee Benefits’.

¦ Gratuity liability accounted for on the basis of actuarial valuation as per Ind AS 19 ‘Employee Benefits’. Liability recognized in the Standalone Balance Sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of each reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. The present value of defined benefit is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yield at the end of each reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximate to the terms of the related obligation. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

¦ The Company contributes its share of contribution to Employees’ Provident Fund Scheme administered by a separate trust with its obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, in trust fund arising on account of difference between the return on investments of the trust and the interest rate on provident fund dues notified periodically by the Central Government and any expected loss in investment. Liability recognized in the Standalone Balance Sheet in respect of Dabur India E.P.F trust is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of each reporting period less the fair value of plan assets on the basis of actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method.

¦ Actuarial gain / loss pertaining to gratuity, post separation benefits and PF trust are accounted for as OCI. All remaining components of costs are accounted for in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Defined contribution plans

Liability for superannuation fund is provided on the basis of the premium paid to insurance company in respect of employees covered under Superannuation Fund Policy.

o. Taxation:

Tax expense recognized in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss comprises the sum of deferred tax and current tax except the ones recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Current tax is determined as the tax payable in respect of taxable income for the year and is computed in accordance with relevant tax regulations. Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

Minimum alternate tax (‘MAT’) credit entitlement is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that normal income tax will be paid during the specified period. In the year in which MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT credit entitlement. This is reviewed at each balance sheet date and the carrying amount of MAT credit entitlement is written down to the extent it is not reasonably certain that normal income tax will be paid during the specified period.

Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit under Income-tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss is recognized outside Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

p. Provisions, contingent liability and contingent assets:

• Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation, as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made at the reporting date. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Provisions are discounted to their present values, where the time value of money is material.

• Contingent liability is disclosed for:

a. Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of the Company; or

b. Present obligations arising from past events where it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made.

• Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed except when realization of income is virtually certain, related asset is recognized.

q. Foreign currency transactions and translations:

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the functional currency, by applying the exchange rate between the functional currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Foreign currency monetary items outstanding at the balance sheet date are converted to functional currency using the closing rate. Non-monetary items denominated in a foreign currency which are carried at historical cost are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transactions.

Exchange differences arising on monetary items on settlement, or restatement as at reporting date, at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded, are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.

r. Share based payments - Employee Stock Option Scheme (‘ESOP’):

The fair value of options granted under Employee Stock Option Plan is recognized as an employee benefits expense with a corresponding increase in equity. The total amount to be expensed is determined by reference to the fair value of the options. The total expense is recognized over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting conditions are to be satisfied. At the end of each period, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest based on the non-market vesting and service conditions. It recognizes the impact of the revision to original estimates, if any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to equity. Upon exercise of share options, the proceeds received are allocated to share capital up to the par value of the shares issued with any excess being recorded as share premium.

s. Operating segments:

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (‘CODM’) of the Company. The CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments of the Company.

t. Earnings per share:

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributed to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all potentially dilutive equity shares.

u. Research and development:

Expenditure on research is recognized as an expense when it is incurred. Expenditure on development which does not meet the criteria for recognition as an intangible asset is recognized as an expense when it is incurred.

Items of property, plant and equipment and acquired intangible assets utilized for research and development are capitalized and depreciated / amortized in accordance with the policies stated for Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets.

v. Borrowing cost:

Borrowing cost consists of interest and other costs incurred in connection with the borrowing of funds and also include exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the same. Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition and/ or construction of a qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is necessary to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

w. Cash and cash equivalents:

For the purpose of the Standalone Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and cheques in hand, bank balances, demand deposits with banks where the original maturity is three months or less and other short-term highly liquid investments net of outstanding bank overdrafts and cash credit facilities as they are considered an integral part of the Company’s cash management.

x. Significant management judgement in applying accounting policies and estimation uncertainty:

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements requires the management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities:

• Evaluation of indicators for impairment of assets

The evaluation of applicability of indicators of impairment of assets requires, the management to make an assessment of several external and internal factors which could result in deterioration of recoverable amount of the assets.

• Recoverability of advances / receivables

At each balance sheet date, based on historical default rates observed over expected life, the management assesses the expected credit losses on outstanding receivables and advances.

• Defined benefit obligation (‘DBO’)

Management’s estimate of the DBO is based on a number of underlying assumptions such as standard rates of inflation, mortality, discount rate and anticipation of future salary increases. Variation in these assumptions may significantly impact the DBO amount and the annual defined benefit expenses.

• Provisions

At each balance sheet date basis the management judgment, changes in facts and legal aspects, the Company assesses the requirement of provisions against the outstanding contingent liabilities. However, the actual future outcome may be different from this judgement.

• Leases

The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various premises. The assessment (including measurement) of the lease is based on several factors, including, but not limited to, transfer of ownership of leased asset at end of lease term, lessee’s option to extend/terminate etc. After the commencement date, the Company reassesses the lease term if there is a significant event or change in circumstances that is within its control and affects its ability to exercise or not to exercise the option to extend or to terminate.

• Contingencies

Contingent liabilities may arise from the ordinary course of business in relation to claims against the Company, (refer note 44A). By their nature, contingencies will be resolved only when one or more uncertain future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of the existence, and potential quantum, of contingencies inherently involves the exercise of significant judgments by management and the use of estimates regarding the outcome of future events.

• Fair value measurements

Management applies valuation techniques to determine the fair value of financial instruments

(where active market quotes are not available) and share based payments. This involves developing estimates and assumptions consistent with how market participants would price the instrument. The Company engages third party valuers, where required, to perform the valuation. Information about the valuation techniques and inputs used in determining the fair value of various assets, liabilities and share based payments are disclosed in the notes to standalone financial statements.

• Inventories

The Company estimates the net realizable values of inventories, taking into account the most reliable evidence available at each reporting date. The future realization of these inventories may be affected by future demand or other market-driven changes that may reduce future selling prices.

• Useful lives of depreciable / amortizable assets

Management reviews its estimate of the useful lives of depreciable / amortizable assets at each reporting date, based on the expected utility of the assets. Uncertainties in these estimates relate to technical and economic obsolescence that may change the utility of assets.

• Valuation of investment property

Investment property is stated at cost. However, as per Ind AS 40 ‘Investment Property’, there is a requirement to disclose fair value as at the balance sheet date. The Company engages independent valuation specialists to determine the fair value of its investment property as at reporting date.

• Income taxes

The Company’s tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgements are involved in estimating budgeted profits for the purpose of paying advance tax, determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions. The extent to which deferred tax assets/minimum alternate tax credit can be recognized is based on management’s assessment of the probability of the future taxable income against which the deferred tax assets/minimum alternate tax credit can be utilized.


Mar 31, 2021

1. COMPANY INFORMATION

Dabur India Limited (the ''Company'') is a domestic public limited Company with registered office situated at 8/3, Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi - 110002 and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India (NSE). The Company is one of the leading fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) players dealing in consumer care and food products. It has manufacturing facilities across the length and breadth of the country and research and development center in Sahibabad, U.P and selling arrangements primarily in India through independent distributors. However, most of the institutional sales are handled directly by the Company.

2. GENERAL INFORMATION AND STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH IND AS

These standalone financial statements (''financial statements'') of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, including the Indian Accounting Standards (''Ind AS'') specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act'') and other relevant provisions of the Act. The Company has uniformly applied the accounting policies during the periods presented.

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (''?’) which is also the functional currency of the Company.

The financial statements for the year ended 31 March, 2021 were authorized and approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 07 May, 2021. The revision to the financial statements is permitted by the Board of Directors after obtaining necessary approvals or at the instance of regulatory authorities as per provisions of the Act.

3. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared on going concern basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in India. Further, the financial statements have been prepared on historical cost basis except for certain financial assets and financial liabilities and share based payments which are measured at fair values as explained in relevant accounting policies.

Amount in the financial statements are presented in '' crores, unless otherwise stated. Certain amounts that are required to be disclosed and do not appear due to rounding-off are expressed as 0.00.

4. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

On March 24, 2021, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) through a notification, amended Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013. The amendments revise Division I, II and III of Schedule III and are applicable from 1 April, 2021. Key amendments relating to Division II which relate to companies whose financial statements are required to comply with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules 2015 are:

Balance Sheet:

• Lease liabilities should be separately disclosed under the head ''financial liabilities'', duly distinguished as current or non-current.

• Certain additional disclosures in the statement of changes in equity such as changes in equity share capital due to prior period errors and restated balances at the beginning of the current reporting period.

• Specified format for disclosure of shareholding of promoters.

• Specified format for ageing schedule of trade receivables, trade payables, capital work-in-progress and intangible asset under development.

• If a company has not used funds for the specific purpose for which it was borrowed from banks and financial institutions, then disclosure of details of where it has been used.

• Specific disclosure under ''additional regulatory requirement'' such as compliance with approved schemes of arrangements, compliance with number of layers of companies, title deeds of immovable property not held in name of company, loans and advances to promoters, Directors, Key Managerial Personnel (KMP) and related parties, details of benami property held etc.

Statement of profit and loss:

• Additional disclosures relating to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), undisclosed income and crypto or virtual currency specified under the head

1. COMPANY INFORMATION

Dabur India Limited (the ''Company'') is a domestic public limited Company with registered office situated at 8/3, Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi - 110002 and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India (NSE). The Company is one of the leading fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) players dealing in consumer care and food products. It has manufacturing facilities across the length and breadth of the country and research and development center in Sahibabad, U.P and selling arrangements primarily in India through independent distributors. However, most of the institutional sales are handled directly by the Company.

2. GENERAL INFORMATION AND STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH IND AS

These standalone financial statements (''financial statements'') of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, including the Indian Accounting Standards (''Ind AS'') specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act'') and other relevant provisions of the Act. The Company has uniformly applied the accounting policies during the periods presented.

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (''?’) which is also the functional currency of the Company.

The financial statements for the year ended 31 March, 2021 were authorized and approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 07 May, 2021. The revision to the financial statements is permitted by the Board of Directors after obtaining necessary approvals or at the instance of regulatory authorities as per provisions of the Act.

3. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared on going concern basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in India. Further, the financial statements have been prepared on historical cost basis except for certain financial assets and financial liabilities and share based payments which are measured at fair values as explained in relevant accounting policies.

Amount in the financial statements are presented in '' crores, unless otherwise stated. Certain amounts that are required to be disclosed and do not appear due to rounding-off are expressed as 0.00.

4. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

On March 24, 2021, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) through a notification, amended Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013. The amendments revise Division I, II and III of Schedule III and are applicable from 1 April, 2021. Key amendments relating to Division II which relate to companies whose financial statements are required to comply with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules 2015 are:

Balance Sheet:

• Lease liabilities should be separately disclosed under the head ''financial liabilities'', duly distinguished as current or non-current.

• Certain additional disclosures in the statement of changes in equity such as changes in equity share capital due to prior period errors and restated balances at the beginning of the current reporting period.

• Specified format for disclosure of shareholding of promoters.

• Specified format for ageing schedule of trade receivables, trade payables, capital work-in-progress and intangible asset under development.

• If a company has not used funds for the specific purpose for which it was borrowed from banks and financial institutions, then disclosure of details of where it has been used.

• Specific disclosure under ''additional regulatory requirement'' such as compliance with approved schemes of arrangements, compliance with number of layers of companies, title deeds of immovable property not held in name of company, loans and advances to promoters, Directors, Key Managerial Personnel (KMP) and related parties, details of benami property held etc.

Statement of profit and loss:

• Additional disclosures relating to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), undisclosed income and crypto or virtual currency specified under the head

The amendments are extensive and the Company will evaluate the same to give effect to them as required by law.

5. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The financial statements have been prepared using the significant accounting policies and measurement bases summarized below.

a. Current / non-current classification:

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set-out in the Act. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and non-current liabilities, as the case may be.

b. Revenue recognition:

• Revenue from sale of products is recognized when control of products being sold is transferred to customer and when there are no longer any unfulfilled obligations. The performance obligations in contracts are considered as fulfilled in accordance with the terms agreed with the respective customers.

Revenue is measured at fair value of the consideration received or receivable and are accounted for net of returns, rebates and trade discount. Sales, as disclosed, are exclusive of goods and services tax.

The Company considers the terms of the contract and its customary business practices to determine the transaction price. The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example taxes collected on behalf of government). The consideration promised in a contract with a customer may include fixed consideration, variable consideration (if reversal is less likely in future), or both.

The transaction price is allocated by the Company to each performance obligation in an amount that depicts the amount of consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods to the customer.

For each performance obligation identified, the Company determines at contract inception whether it satisfies the performance obligation over time or satisfies the performance obligation at a point in time.

When either party to a contract has performed its obligation, an entity shall present the contract in the balance sheet as a contract asset or a contract liability, depending on the relationship between the entity''s performance and the customer''s payment.

• Income from export incentives such as duty drawback, premium on sale of import licenses and lease license fee are recognized on accrual basis when no significant uncertainties as to the amount of consideration that would be derived and as to its ultimate collection exist.

• Rental income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the lease, except for contingent rental income which is recognized when it arises and where scheduled increase in rent compensates the lessor for expected inflationary costs.

• Interest income is recognized using effective interest method.

• Dividend income is recognized at the time when the right to receive is established by the reporting date.

• Other incomes have been recognized on accrual basis in the financial statements, except when there is uncertainty of collection.

c. Property, plant and equipment:

Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. These tangible assets are held for use in production, supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes.

• Cost comprises purchase cost, freight, duties, taxes and other expenses directly incidental to acquisition, bringing the asset to the location and installation including site restoration up to the time when the asset is ready for intended use. Such costs also include borrowing cost if the recognition criteria are met.

• When a major inspection/repair occurs, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. Any remaining

The amendments are extensive and the Company will evaluate the same to give effect to them as required by law.

5. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The financial statements have been prepared using the significant accounting policies and measurement bases summarized below.

a. Current / non-current classification:

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set-out in the Act. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and non-current liabilities, as the case may be.

b. Revenue recognition:

• Revenue from sale of products is recognized when control of products being sold is transferred to customer and when there are no longer any unfulfilled obligations. The performance obligations in contracts are considered as fulfilled in accordance with the terms agreed with the respective customers.

Revenue is measured at fair value of the consideration received or receivable and are accounted for net of returns, rebates and trade discount. Sales, as disclosed, are exclusive of goods and services tax.

The Company considers the terms of the contract and its customary business practices to determine the transaction price. The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example taxes collected on behalf of government). The consideration promised in a contract with a customer may include fixed consideration, variable consideration (if reversal is less likely in future), or both.

The transaction price is allocated by the Company to each performance obligation in an amount that depicts the amount of consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods to the customer.

For each performance obligation identified, the Company determines at contract inception whether it satisfies the performance obligation over time or satisfies the performance obligation at a point in time.

When either party to a contract has performed its obligation, an entity shall present the contract in the balance sheet as a contract asset or a contract liability, depending on the relationship between the entity''s performance and the customer''s payment.

• Income from export incentives such as duty drawback, premium on sale of import licenses and lease license fee are recognized on accrual basis when no significant uncertainties as to the amount of consideration that would be derived and as to its ultimate collection exist.

• Rental income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the lease, except for contingent rental income which is recognized when it arises and where scheduled increase in rent compensates the lessor for expected inflationary costs.

• Interest income is recognized using effective interest method.

• Dividend income is recognized at the time when the right to receive is established by the reporting date.

• Other incomes have been recognized on accrual basis in the financial statements, except when there is uncertainty of collection.

c. Property, plant and equipment:

Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. These tangible assets are held for use in production, supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes.

• Cost comprises purchase cost, freight, duties, taxes and other expenses directly incidental to acquisition, bringing the asset to the location and installation including site restoration up to the time when the asset is ready for intended use. Such costs also include borrowing cost if the recognition criteria are met.

• When a major inspection/repair occurs, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. Any remaining

carrying amount of the cost of previous inspection/ repair is derecognized. All other repair and maintenance are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

• Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided over the useful lives of assets as specified in Schedule II to the Act except where the management, has estimated useful life of an asset supported by the technical assessment, external or internal, i.e., higher or lower from the indicative useful life given under Schedule II. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.

• Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

Description

Useful lives (upto)

Leasehold land

Over lease period

Building

60 years

Plant and machinery

15 years

Furniture and fixtures

10 years

Vehicles

8 years

Office equipment

10 years

The residual value and useful life is reviewed annually and any deviation is accounted for as a change in estimate.

• Components relevant to property, plant and equipment, where significant, are separately depreciated on straight line basis in terms of their life span assessed by technical evaluation in item specific context.

• For new projects, all direct expenses and direct overheads (excluding services of non-exclusive nature provided by employees in Company''s regular payroll) are capitalized till the assets are ready for intended use.

• During disposal of property, plant and equipment, any profit earned / loss sustained towards excess / shortfall of sale value vis-a-vis carrying cost of assets is accounted for in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

d. Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development:

Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development represents expenditure incurred in

respect of capital projects / intangible assets under development and are carried at cost. Cost comprises purchase cost, related acquisition expenses, development / construction costs, borrowing costs and other direct expenditure.

e. Investment property:

Properties held to earn rentals or / and for capital appreciation or both but not for sale in the ordinary course of business, use in the production or supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes, are categorized as investment properties. These are measured initially at cost of acquisition, including transaction costs and other direct costs attributable to bringing asset to its working condition for intended use. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any. The cost shall also include borrowing cost if the recognition criteria are met. Said assets are depreciated on straight line basis based on expected life span of assets which is in accordance with Schedule II of the Act.

Significant parts of the property are depreciated separately based on their specific useful lives as follows:

Any gain or loss on disposal of investment properties is recognized in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Fair value of investments properties under each category are disclosed under note 6C to the standalone financial statements. Fair values are determined based on the evaluation performed by an accredited external independent valuer applying a recognized and accepted valuation model or estimation based on available sources of information from market.

Transfers to or from the investment property is made only when there is a change in use and the same is made at the carrying amount of investment property.

f. Intangible assets:

• Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost of acquisition. The cost comprises of purchase price and directly attributable costs of bringing

the assets to its working condition for intended use. Intangible assets arising on acquisition of business are measured at fair value as at date of acquisition. In case of internally generated assets, measured at development cost subject to satisfaction of recognition criteria (identifiability, control and future economic benefit) in accordance with Ind AS 38 ''Intangible Assets''.

• Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, if any.

• Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful economic life. The amortization expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

• Amortization of intangible assets such as softwares is computed on a straight-line basis, at the rates representing estimated useful life of up to 5 years. The brands and trademarks acquired as part of business combinations normally have a remaining legal life of not exceeding ten years but is renewable every ten years at little cost and is well established.

g. Government subsidy / grants:

Government grant is recognized only when there is a reasonable assurance that the entity will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants will be received.

• Subsidy related to assets is recognized as deferred income which is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss on systematic basis over the useful life of the assets.

• Purchase of assets and receipts of related grants are separately disclosed in Standalone Statement of Cash Flow.

• Grants related to income are treated as other operating income in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss subject to due disclosure about the nature of grant.

h. Impairment of non-financial assets

At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether there is any indication based on internal / external factors, that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset or the cash generating unit (CGU) is estimated. If such recoverable amount of the asset or CGU to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced

to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. If, at the reporting date, there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount. Impairment losses previously recognized are accordingly reversed in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. An asset is deemed impairable when recoverable value is less than its carrying cost and the difference between the two represents provisioning exigency.

i. Impairment of financial assets:

In accordance with Ind AS 109 ''Financial Instruments'', the Company applies expected credit loss (''ECL'') model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss for financial assets. ECL is the weighted-average of difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate, with the respective risks of default occurring as the weights. When estimating the cash flows, the Company is required to consider:

• All contractual terms of the financial assets (including prepayment and extension) over the expected life of the assets;

• Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms.

• Trade receivables:

In respect of trade receivables, the Company applies the simplified approach of Ind AS 109 ''Financial Instruments'', which requires measurement of loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses. Lifetime expected credit losses are the expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument.

• Other financial assets:

In respect of its other financial assets, the Company assesses if the credit risk on those financial assets has increased significantly since initial recognition. If the credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses, else at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses.

When making this assessment, the Company uses the change in the risk of a default occurring over the expected life of the financial asset. To make that assessment, the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial asset as at the balance sheet date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial asset as at the date of initial recognition and considers reasonable and supportable information, that is available without undue cost or effort, that is indicative of significant increases in credit risk since initial recognition. The Company assumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition if the financial asset is determined to have low credit risk at the balance sheet date.

j. Financial instruments:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument and are measured initially at fair value adjusted for transaction costs, except for those carried at fair value through profit or loss which are measured initially at fair value. Subsequent measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities is described below:

Non-derivative financial assets Subsequent measurement

• Financial assets carried at amortized cost

A financial asset is measured at the amortized cost, if both the following conditions are met:

a. The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows; and

b. Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (''SPPI'') on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (''EIR'') method.

• Investments in equity instruments of subsidiaries and joint ventures

Investments in equity instruments of subsidiaries and joint ventures are accounted for at cost in accordance with Ind AS 27 ''Separate Financial Statements''.

• Investments in other equity instruments

Investments in equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at fair value through profit or loss (''FVTPL''). For all other equity instruments, the Company makes an irrevocable choice upon initial recognition, on an instrument by instrument basis, to classify the same either as at fair value through other comprehensive income (''FVTOCI'') or fair value through profit or loss (''FVTPL''). Amounts presented in other comprehensive income are not subsequently transferred to profit or loss. However, the Company transfers the cumulative gain or loss within equity. Dividends on such investments are recognized in profit or loss unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment.

• Debt instruments

Debt instruments are initially measured at amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (''FVTOCI'') or fair value through profit or loss (''FVTPL'') till de-recognition on the basis of:

i. the entity''s business model for managing the financial assets; and

ii. the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

a. Measured at amortized cost

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method less impairment, if any. The amortization of EIR and loss arising from impairment, if any is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both, selling financial assets and collecting contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (''OCI''). Interest income measured using the EIR method and impairment losses, if any are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. On de-recognition, cumulative gain or loss previously

recognized in OCI is reclassified from the equity to ''other income'' in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

c. Measured at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset not classified as either amortized cost or FVTOCI, is classified as FVTPL. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognized as ''other income'' in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

• Investments in mutual funds

Investments in mutual funds are measured at FVTPL.

De-recognition of financial assets

A financial asset is primarily de-recognized when the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired or the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset.

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Subsequent measurement

Subsequent to initial recognition, all non-derivative financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

De-recognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability is de-recognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the de-recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derivative financial instruments

The Company holds derivative financial instruments in the form of future contracts to mitigate the risk of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency exposure. The counterparty for these contracts are scheduled commercial banks / regulated brokerage firms.

Although these derivatives constitute hedges from an economic perspective, they do not qualify for hedge accounting under Ind AS 109 ''Financial Instruments'' and consequently are categorized

as financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss. The resulting exchange gain or loss is included in other income / expenses and attributable transaction costs are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when incurred.

• Financial guarantee contracts

Financial guarantee contracts are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified party fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognized as a financial liability at the time the guarantee is issued at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of expected loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 ''Financial Instruments'' and the amount recognized less cumulative amortization.

• Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Standalone Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

k. Fair value measurement:

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each Standalone Balance Sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

• In the principal market for the asset or liability; or

• In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability,

assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by reassessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

The Company''s management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement, such as derivative instruments and unquoted financial assets measured at fair value, and for non-recurring measurement, such as assets held for distribution in discontinued operations.

l. Leases:Where the Company is the lesseeRight of use assets and lease liabilities

For any new contracts entered into on or after 1 April, 2019, the Company considers whether a contract is, or contains a lease. A lease is defined as ''a contract,

or part of a contract, that conveys the right to use an asset (the underlying asset) for a period of time in exchange for consideration''. The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various assets. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether: (i) the contract involves the use of an identified asset (ii) the Company obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.

Recognition and initial measurement

At lease commencement date, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet. The right-of-use asset is measured at cost, which is made up of the initial measurement of the lease liability, any initial direct costs incurred by the Company, an estimate of any costs to dismantle and remove the asset at the end of the lease (if any), and any lease payments made in advance of the lease commencement date (net of any incentives received).

Subsequent measurement

The Company depreciates the right-of-use assets on a straight-line basis from the lease commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The Company also assesses the right-of-use asset for impairment when such indicators exist.

At lease commencement date, the Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments unpaid at that date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease if that rate is readily available or the Company''s incremental borrowing rate. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability are made up of fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments) and variable payments based on an index or rate. Subsequent to initial measurement, the liability will be reduced for payments made and increased for interest. It is re-measured to reflect any reassessment or modification, or if there are changes in in-substance fixed payments. When the lease liability is re-measured, the corresponding adjustment is reflected in the right-of-use asset.

The Company has elected to account for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets using the practical expedients. Instead of recognizing a right-of-use asset and lease liability, the payments in relation to these are recognized as an expense in standalone statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Where the Company is the lessor

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Rental income from operating lease is recognized on a straight-line basis or another systematic basis as per the terms of the relevant lease. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized over the lease term on the same basis as rental income. Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in which they are earned.

Leases are classified as finance leases when substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership transfer from the Company to the lessee. Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recorded as receivables at the Company''s net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment outstanding in respect of the lease.

m. Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes purchase price, duties, transport, handing costs and other costs directly attributable to the acquisition and bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

The basis of determination of cost is as follows:

• Raw material, packing material and stock-in-trade valued on moving weighted average basis;

• Stores and spares valued on weighted average basis;

• Work-in-progress valued at cost of input valued at moving weighted average basis plus overheads up till the stage of completion; and

• Finished goods valued at cost of input valued at moving weighted average basis plus appropriate overheads.

n. Employee benefits:

Liabilities in respect of employee benefits to employees are provided for as follows:

• Current employee benefits

a. Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees

render the related service are recognized in respect of employees'' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be incurred when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee dues payable in the Standalone Balance Sheet.

b. Employees'' State Insurance (''ESI'') is provided on the basis of actual liability accrued and paid to authorities.

c. The Company has adopted a policy on compensated absences which are both accumulating and non-accumulating in nature. The expected cost of accumulating compensated absences is determined by actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary at each balance sheet date using projected unit credit method on the additional amount expected to be paid / availed as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the balance sheet date. Expense on non-accumulating compensated absences is recognized in the period in which the absences occur.

d. Expense in respect of other short-term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount paid or payable for the period during which services are rendered by the employee.

• Post separation employee benefit plana. Defined benefit plan

¦ Post separation benefits of Directors are accounted for on the basis of actuarial valuation as per Ind AS 19 ''Employee Benefits''.

¦ Gratuity liability accounted for on the basis of actuarial valuation as per Ind AS 19 ''Employee Benefits''. Liability recognized in the Standalone Balance Sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of each reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. The present value of defined benefit is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yield at the end of each reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximate to the terms of the

related obligation. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

¦ The Company contributes its share of contribution to Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme administered by a separate trust with its obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, in trust fund arising on account of difference between the return on investments of the trust and the interest rate on provident fund dues notified periodically by the Central Government and any expected loss in investment. Liability recognized in the Standalone Balance Sheet in respect of Dabur India E.P.F trust is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of each reporting period less the fair value of plan assets on the basis of actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method.

¦ Actuarial gain / loss pertaining to gratuity, post separation benefits and PF trust are accounted for as OCI. All remaining components of costs are accounted for in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Defined contribution plans

Liability for superannuation fund is provided on the basis of the premium paid to insurance company in respect of employees covered under Superannuation Fund Policy.

o. Taxation:

Tax expense recognized in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss comprises the sum of deferred tax and current tax except the ones recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Current tax is determined as the tax payable in respect of taxable income for the year and is computed in accordance with relevant tax regulations. Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

Minimum alternate tax (''MAT'') credit entitlement is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that normal income tax will be paid during the specified period. In the year in

which MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT credit entitlement. This is reviewed at each balance sheet date and the carrying amount of MAT credit entitlement is written down to the extent it is not reasonably certain that normal income tax will be paid during the specified period.

Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit under Income-tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss is recognized outside Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

p. Provisions, contingent liability and contingent assets:

• Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation, as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made at the reporting date. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Provisions are discounted to their present values, where the time value of money is material.

• Contingent liability is disclosed for:

a. Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of the Company; or

b. Present obligations arising from past events where it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made.

• Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed except when realization of income is virtually certain, related asset is recognized.

q. Foreign currency transactions and translations:

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the functional currency, by applying the exchange rate

between the functional currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Foreign currency monetary items outstanding at the balance sheet date are converted to functional currency using the closing rate. Non-monetary items denominated in a foreign currency which are carried at historical cost are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transactions.

Exchange differences arising on monetary items on settlement, or restatement as at reporting date, at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded, are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.

r. Share based payments - Employee Stock Option Scheme (‘ESOP’):

The fair value of options granted under Employee Stock Option Plan is recognized as an employee benefits expense with a corresponding increase in equity. The total amount to be expensed is determined by reference to the fair value of the options. The total expense is recognized over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting conditions are to be satisfied. At the end of each period, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest based on the nonmarket vesting and service conditions. It recognizes the impact of the revision to original estimates, if any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to equity. Upon exercise of share options, the proceeds received are allocated to share capital up to the par value of the shares issued with any excess being recorded as share premium.

s. Operating segments:

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (''CODM'') of the Company. The CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments of the Company.

t. Earnings per share:

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributed to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all potentially dilutive equity shares.

u. Research and development:

Expenditure on research is recognized as an expense when it is incurred. Expenditure on development which does not meet the criteria for recognition as an intangible asset is recognized as an expense when it is incurred.

Items of property, plant and equipment and acquired intangible assets utilized for research and development are capitalized and depreciated / amortized in accordance with the policies stated for Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets.

v. Borrowing cost:

Borrowing cost consists of interest and other costs incurred in connection with the borrowing of funds and also include exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the same. Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition and/ or construction of a qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is necessary to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

w. Cash and cash equivalents:

For the purpose of the Standalone Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and cheques in hand, bank balances, demand deposits with banks where the original maturity is three months or less and other short-term highly liquid investments net of outstanding bank overdrafts and cash credit facilities as they are considered an integral part of the Company''s cash management.

x. Significant management judgement in applying accounting policies and estimation uncertainty:

The preparation of the Company''s financial statements requires the management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities.

• Evaluation of indicators for impairment of assets

The evaluation of applicability of indicators of impairment of assets requires, the management to make an assessment of several external and internal factors which could result in deterioration

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• Recoverability of advances / receivables

At each balance sheet date, based on historical default rates observed over expected life, the management assesses the expected credit losses on outstanding receivables and advances.

• Defined benefit obligation (‘DBO’)

Management''s estimate of the DBO is based on a number of underlying assumptions such as standard rates of inflation, mortality, discount rate and anticipation of future salary increases. Variation in these assumptions may significantly impact the DBO amount and the annual defined benefit expenses.

• Provisions

At each balance sheet date basis the management judgment, changes in facts and legal aspects, the Company assesses the requirement of provisions against the outstanding contingent liabilities. However, the actual future outcome may be different from this judgement.

• Leases

The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various premises. The assessment (including measurement) of the lease is based on several factors, including, but not limited to, transfer of ownership of leased asset at end of lease term, lessee''s option to extend/terminate etc. After the commencement date, the Company reassesses the lease term if there is a significant event or change in circumstances that is within its control and affects its ability to exercise or not to exercise the option to extend or to terminate.

• Contingencies

Contingent liabilities may arise from the ordinary course of business in relation to claims against the Company, (refer note 45A). By their nature, contingencies will be resolved only when one or more uncertain future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of the existence, and potential quantum, of contingencies inherently involves the exercise of significant judgments by management and the use of estimates regarding the outcome of future events.

• Fair value measurements

Management applies valuation techniques to determine the fair value of financial instruments

(where active market quotes are not available) and share based payments. This involves developing estimates and assumptions consistent with how market participants would price the instrument. The Company engages third party valuers, where required, to perform the valuation. Information about the valuation techniques and inputs used in determining the fair value of various assets, liabilities an


Mar 31, 2018

1. Company Information

Dabur India Limited (the ''Company'') is a domestic public limited Company with registered office situated at 8/3, Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi - 110002 and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE), National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) and Metropolitan Stock Exchange of India Limited (MSEI). The Company is one of the leading Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) players dealing in consumer care and food products. It has manufacturing facilities across the length and breadth of the country and research and development center in Sahibabad (Uttar Pradesh) and selling arrangements primarily in India through independent distributors. However, most of the institutional sales are handled directly by the Company.

2. General Information and Statement of Compliance with Ind AS

These standalone financial statements (''financial statements'') of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, including the Indian Accounting Standards (''Ind AS'') specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act'') and other relevant provisions of the Act. The Company has uniformly applied the accounting policies during the periods presented.

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (''?'') which is also the functional currency of the Company.

The financial statements for the year ended 31 March,

2018 were authorized and approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 01 May, 2018. The revision to financial statements is permitted by the Board of Directors after obtaining necessary approvals or at the instance of regulatory authorities as per provisions of the Act.

3. Basis of preparation

The financial statements have been prepared on going concern basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in India. Further, the financial statements have been prepared on historical cost basis except for certain financial assets and financial liabilities and share based payments which are measured at fair values as explained in relevant accounting policies.

Amount in the financial statements are presented in Rs, crores, unless otherwise stated. Certain amounts that are required to be disclosed and do not appear due to rounding-off are expressed as 0.00.

4. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March, 2018, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendments) Rules, 2018 via notification dated 28 March, 2018 to further amend Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, notifying a new revenue recognition standard Ind AS 115, Rs,Revenue from Contracts with Customer''. This amendment replaces Ind AS 18, ''Revenue'' and Ind AS 11, ''Construction Contracts. Also notifying an insertion of Appendix B, ''Foreign currency transaction and advance consideration'' to Ind AS 21, ''The effect of change in foreign exchange rate'', amendment to Ind AS 40, ''Investment property'' and amendment to Ind AS 12,''Income taxes. The amendments are applicable to the Company from 01 April, 2018.

- Notification of Ind AS 115:

The new standard provides a control-based revenue recognition model and provides a five step application principle to be followed for revenue recognition:

a. Identify the contract(s) with a customer;

b. Identify the performance obligations;

c. Determine the transaction price;

d. Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations;

e. Recognize revenue when or as an entity satisfies performance obligation.

The Company is evaluating the requirements of the amendment and its impact on the financial statements.

- Insertion of Appendix B to Ind AS 21:

This Appendix applies to a foreign currency transaction (or part of it) when an entity recognizes a non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability arising from the payment or receipt of advance consideration before the entity recognizes the related asset, expense or income (or part of it). The amendment to Ind AS 21 requires the entities to consider exchange rate on the date of initial recognition of advance consideration (asset/ liability), for recognizing related expense/income on the settlement of said asset/liability.

This Appendix does not apply when an entity measures the related asset, expense or income on initial recognition:

a. At fair value; or

b. At the fair value of the consideration paid or received at a date other than the date of initial recognition of the non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability arising from advance consideration.

An entity is not required to apply this Appendix to:

a. income taxes; or

b. insurance contracts (including reinsurance contracts) that it issues or reinsurance contracts that it holds.

The Company is evaluating the requirements of the amendment and its impact on the financial statements.

- Amendment to Ind AS 40:

An entity shall transfer a property to, or from, investment property when, and only when, there is a change in use. A change in use occurs when the property meets, or ceases to meet, the definition of investment property and there is evidence of the change in use. In isolation, a change in Management''s intentions for the use of a property does not provide evidence of a change in use.

When an entity decides to dispose of an investment property without development, it continues to treat the property as an investment property until it is derecognized (eliminated from the balance sheet) and does not reclassify it as inventory. Similarly, if an entity begins to redevelop an existing investment property for continued future use as investment property, the property remains an investment property and is not reclassified as owner-occupied property during the redevelopment.''''

The Company is evaluating the requirements of the amendment and its impact on the financial statements.

- Amendment to Ind AS 12

The amendment to Ind AS 12 requires the entities to consider restriction in tax laws in sources of taxable profit against which entity may make deductions on reversal of deductible temporary difference (may or may not have arisen from same source) and also consider probable future taxable profit.

The Company is evaluating the requirements of the amendment and its impact on the financial statements.

5. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The financial statements have been prepared using the significant accounting policies and measurement bases summarized below.

a. Current / Non-Current Classification

All assets and liabilities have been classified as

current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set-out in the Act. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and non-current liabilities, as the case may be.

b. Revenue Recognition:

- Revenue from sale of products have been recognized with the transfer of significant risk and rewards of ownership of the goods, with the Company losing effective control or the right to managerial involvement thereon and the revenue (representing future economic benefit associated with the transaction) including cost incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction are measurable reliably and the recovery of the consideration is probable.

Revenue from sale of products are measured at the fair value of consideration received or receivable (net of taxes). Excise duty is a levy on manufacture irrespective of ultimate sale of goods and hence the recovery of excise duty flows to the Company on its own account. Accordingly, revenues from sale of products are stated gross of excise duty. Goods and Service Tax (''GST), Sales Tax and Value Added Tax (''VAT'') are not received by the Company on its own account but collected on behalf of the Government and accordingly, are excluded from revenue.

- Income from export incentives such as duty drawback, premium on sale of import licenses and lease license fee are recognized on accrual basis.

- Rental income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the lease, except for contingent rental income which is recognized when it arises and where scheduled increase in rent compensates the lessor for expected inflationary costs.

- Interest income is recognized using effective interest method.

- Dividend income is recognized at the time when the right to receive is established by the reporting date.

- Other incomes have been recognized on accrual basis in the financial statements, except when there is uncertainty of collection.

c. Property, Plant and Equipment:

Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. These tangible assets are held for use in production, supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes.

- Cost comprises of purchase cost, freight, duties, taxes and other expenses directly incidental to acquisition, bringing the asset to the location and installation including site restoration up to the time when the asset is ready for intended use. Such costs also include borrowing cost if the recognition criteria are met.

- When a major inspection/repair occurs, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. Any remaining carrying amount of the cost of previous inspection/ repair is derecognized. All other repair and maintenance are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

- Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided over the useful lives of assets as specified in Schedule II to the Act except where the Management, has estimated useful life of an asset supported by the technical assessment, external or internal i.e., higher or lower from the indicative useful life given under Schedule II. The Management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.

The residual value and useful life is reviewed annually and any deviation is accounted for as a change in estimate.

- Components relevant to property, plant and equipment, where significant, are separately depreciated on straight line basis in terms of their life span assessed by technical evaluation in item specific context.

- For new projects, all direct expenses and direct overheads (excluding services of nonexclusive nature provided by employees in Company''s regular payroll) are capitalized till the assets are ready for intended use.

- During disposal of property, plant and equipment, any profit earned / loss sustained towards excess / shortfall of sale value vis-a-vis carrying cost of assets is accounted for in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

d. Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development:

Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development represents expenditure incurred in respect of capital projects / intangible assets under development and are carried at cost. Cost comprises of purchase cost, related acquisition expenses, development / construction costs, borrowing costs and other direct expenditure.

e. Investment Property:

Properties held to earn rentals or / and for capital appreciation or both but not for sale in the ordinary course of business, use in the production or supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes, are categorized as investment properties. These are measured initially at cost of acquisition, including transaction costs and other direct costs attributable to bringing asset to its working condition for intended use. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any. The cost shall also include borrowing cost if the recognition criteria are met. Said assets are depreciated on straight line basis based on expected life span of assets which is in accordance with Schedule II of the Act.

Any gain or loss on disposal of investment properties is recognized in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Fair value of investments properties under each category are disclosed under note 6C to the financial statements. Fair values are determined based on the evaluation performed by an accredited external independent valuer applying a recognized and accepted valuation model or estimation based on available sources of information from market.

Transfers to or from the investment property is made only when there is a change in use and the same is made at the carrying amount of investment property.

f. Intangible Assets:

- Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost of acquisition. The cost comprises of purchase price and directly attributable costs of bringing the assets to its working condition for intended use. Intangible assets arising on acquisition of business are measured at fair value as at date of acquisition. In case of internally generated assets, measured at development cost subject to satisfaction of recognition criteria (identifiability, control and future economic benefit) in accordance with Ind AS 38 ''Intangible Assets.

- Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, if any.

- Intangible Assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful economic life. The amortization expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

- Amortization of intangible assets such as software’s is computed on a straight-line basis, at the rates representing estimated useful life of up to 5 years. The brands and trademarks acquired as part of business combinations normally have a remaining legal life of not exceeding ten years but is renewable every ten years at little cost and is well established.

g. Government Subsidy / Grants:

Government grant is recognized only when there is a reasonable assurance that the entity will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants will be received.

- Subsidy related to assets is recognized as deferred income which is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss on systematic basis over the useful life of the assets.

- Purchase of assets and receipts of related grants are separately disclosed in Standalone Statement of Cash Flow.

- Grants related to income are treated as other operating income in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss subject to due disclosure about the nature of grant.

h. Impairment of Non-Financial Assets:

At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether there is any indication based on internal/ external factors, that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset or the Cash Generating Unit (CGU) is estimated. If such recoverable amount of the asset or CGU to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount. The carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. If, at the reporting date, there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount. Impairment losses previously recognized are accordingly reversed in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. An asset is deemed impair able when recoverable value is less than its carrying cost and the difference between the two represents provisioning exigency.

i. Impairment of Financial Assets:

In accordance with Ind AS 109 ''Financial

Instruments'', the Company applies Expected Credit Loss (''ECL'') model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss for financial assets. ECL is the weighted-average of difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate, with the respective risks of default occurring as the weights. When estimating the cash flows, the Company is required to consider:

- All contractual terms of the financial assets (including prepayment and extension) over the expected life of the assets.

- Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms.

j. Trade Receivables:

In respect of trade receivables, the Company applies the simplified approach of Ind AS 109 ''Financial Instruments'', which requires measurement of loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses. Lifetime expected credit losses are the expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument.

k. Other Financial Assets:

In respect of its other financial assets, the Company assesses if the credit risk on those financial assets has increased significantly since initial recognition. If the credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses, else at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses.

When making this assessment, the Company uses the change in the risk of a default occurring over the expected life of the financial asset. To make that assessment, the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial asset as at the balance sheet date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial asset as at the date of initial recognition and considers reasonable and supportable information, that is available without undue cost or effort, that is indicative of significant increases in credit risk since initial recognition. The Company assumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition if the financial asset is determined to have low credit risk at the balance sheet date.

l. Financial Instruments:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument and are measured initially at fair value adjusted for transaction costs, except for those carried at fair value through profit or loss which are measured initially at fair value. Subsequent measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities is described below:

Non-derivative financial assets

Subsequent measurement

- Financial assets carried at amortized cost

A financial asset is measured at the amortized cost, if both the following conditions are met:

a. The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

b. Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are Solely Payments of Principal and Interest (''SPPI'') on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the Effective Interest Rate (''EIR'') method.

- Investments in equity instruments of subsidiaries and Joint Ventures

Investments in equity instruments of subsidiaries and Joint Ventures are accounted for at cost in accordance with Ind AS 27 ''Separate Financial Statements.

- Investments in other equity instruments

Investments in equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss (''FVTPL''). For all other equity instruments, the Company makes an irrevocable choice upon initial recognition, on an instrument by instrument basis, to classify the same either as at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (''FVOCI'') or Fair Value Through Profit or Loss (''FVTPL''). Amounts

presented in other comprehensive income are not subsequently transferred to profit or loss. However, the Company transfers the cumulative gain or loss within equity. Dividends on such investments are recognized in profit or loss unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment.

- Debt instruments

Debt instruments are initially measured at amortized cost, Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (''FVOCI'') or Fair Value Through Profit or Loss (''FVTPL'') till derecognition on the basis of:

a. the entity''s business model for managing the financial assets and

b. the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

a. Measured at amortized cost

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method less impairment, if any. The amortization of EIR and loss arising from impairment, if any is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both, selling financial assets and collecting contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Fair value movements are recognized in the Other Comprehensive Income (''OCI''). Interest income measured using the EIR method and impairment losses, if any are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. On de-recognition, cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is reclassified from the equity to ''other income'' in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

c. Measured at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset not classified as either amortized cost or FVOCI, is classified as FVTPL. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognized as ''other income'' in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

- Investments in mutual funds

Investments in mutual funds are measured at FVTPL.

De-recognition of financial assets

A financial asset is primarily de-recognized when the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired or the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset.

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Subsequent measurement

Subsequent to initial recognition, all no derivative financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

De-recognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability is de-recognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the de-recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derivative financial instruments

The Company holds derivative financial instruments in the form of future contracts to mitigate the risk of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency exposure. The counterparty for these contracts are scheduled commercial banks/regulated brokerage firms.

Although these derivatives constitute hedges from an economic perspective, they do not qualify for hedge accounting under Ind AS 109 ''Financial Instruments'' and consequently are categorized as financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss. The resulting exchange gain or loss is included in other income/expenses and attributable transaction costs are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when incurred.

- Financial guarantee contracts

Financial guarantee contracts are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified party fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognized as a financial liability at the time the guarantee is issued at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of expected loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 ''Financial Instruments'' and the amount recognized less cumulative amortization.

- Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Standalone Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

m. Fair Value Measurement:

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each Standalone Balance Sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

- In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by reassessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

The Company''s Management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement, such as derivative instruments and unquoted financial assets measured at fair value, and for non-recurring measurement, such as assets held for distribution in discontinued operations.

Where the Company is the lessee

A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease. A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the Company is classified as a finance lease.

Finance leases are capitalized at the commencement of the lease at the inception date fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognized in finance costs in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Company''s general policy on the borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.

A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.

Lease other than finance lease is treated as operating lease. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term, except when the lease rentals, increase are in line with general inflation index.

Where the Company is the lessor

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Rental income from operating lease is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease except when the lease rentals increase are in line with general inflation index. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized over the lease term on the same basis as rental income. Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in which they are earned.

Leases are classified as finance leases when substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership transfer from the Company to the lessee. Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recorded as receivables at the Company''s net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment outstanding in respect of the lease.

o. Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes purchase price, duties, transport, handing costs and other costs directly attributable to the acquisition and bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

The basis of determination of cost is as follows:

- Raw material, packing material and stock-in-trade valued on moving weighted average basis;

- Stores and spares valued on weighted average basis;

- Work-in-progress valued at cost of input valued at moving weighted average basis plus overheads up till the stage of completion; and

- Finished goods valued at cost of input valued at moving weighted average basis plus appropriate overheads.

p. Employee Benefits:

Liabilities in respect of employee benefits to employees are provided for as follows:

- Current employee benefits

a. Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employees'' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be incurred when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee dues payable in the Standalone Balance Sheet.

b. Employees'' State Insurance (''ESI'') is provided on the basis of actual liability accrued and paid to authorities.

c. The Company has adopted a policy on compensated absences which are both accumulating and non-accumulating in nature. The expected cost of accumulating compensated absences is determined by actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary at each balance sheet date using projected unit credit method on the additional amount expected to be paid / availed as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the balance sheet date. Expense on non-accumulating compensated absences is recognized in the period in which the absences occur.

d. Expense in respect of other short-term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount paid or payable for the period during which services are rendered by the employee.

- Post separation employee benefit plan

a. Defined benefit plan

- Post separation benefits of Directors are accounted for on the basis of actuarial valuation as per Ind AS 19 ''Employee Benefits.

- Gratuity liability accounted for on the basis of actuarial valuation as per Ind AS 19 ''Employee Benefits. Liability recognized in the Standalone Balance Sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of each reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. The present value of defined benefit is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yield at the end of each reporting period on Government bonds that have terms approximate to the terms of the related obligation. The net interest cost is calculated by

applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

- Company contributes its share of contribution to Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme administered by a separate trust with its obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, in trust fund arising on account of difference between the return on investments of the trust and the interest rate on provident fund dues notified periodically by the Central Government.

- Actuarial gain / loss pertaining to gratuity are accounted for as OCI. All remaining components of costs are accounted for in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

b. Defined contribution plans

Liability for superannuation fund is provided on the basis of the premium paid to insurance Company in respect of employees covered under Superannuation Fund Policy.

q. Taxation:

Tax expense recognized in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss comprises the sum of deferred tax and current tax except the ones recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Current tax is determined as the tax payable in respect of taxable income for the year and is computed in accordance with relevant tax regulations. Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

Minimum Alternate Tax (''MAT'') credit entitlement is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that normal income tax will be paid during the specified period. In the year in which MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT credit entitlement. This is reviewed at each balance sheet date and the carrying amount of MAT credit entitlement is written down to the extent it is not reasonably certain that normal income tax will be paid during the specified period.

Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the financial statement and the corresponding tax bases used in computation of taxable profit under Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss is recognized outside Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

r. Provisions, Contingent Liability and Contingent Assets:

- Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation, as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made at the reporting date. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Provisions are discounted to their present values, where the time value of money is material.

- Contingent liability is disclosed for:

a. Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of the Company or

b. Present obligations arising from past events where it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made.

- Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed except when realization of income is virtually certain, related asset is disclosed.

s. Foreign Currency Translation:

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the functional currency, by applying the exchange rate between the functional currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Foreign currency monetary items outstanding at the balance sheet date are converted to functional currency using the closing rate. Non-monetary items denominated in a foreign currency which are carried at historical cost are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transactions.

Exchange differences arising on monetary items on settlement, or restatement as at reporting date, at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded, are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.

t. Share based payments - Employee Stock Option Scheme (''ESOP''):

The fair value of options granted under Employee Stock Option Plan is recognized as an employee benefits expense with a corresponding increase in equity. The total amount to be expensed is determined by reference to the fair value of the options. The total expense is recognized over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting conditions are to be satisfied. At the end of each period, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest based on the non-market vesting and service conditions. It recognizes the impact of the revision to original estimates, if any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to equity. Upon exercise of share options, the proceeds received are allocated to share capital up to the par value of the shares issued with any excess being recorded as share premium.

u. Operating Segments:

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (''CODM'') of the Company. The CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments of the Company.

v. Earnings Per Share:

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributed to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all potentially dilutive equity shares.

w. Research and Development:

Expenditure on research is recognized as an expense when it is incurred. Expenditure on development which does not meet the criteria for recognition as an intangible asset is recognized as an expense when it is incurred.

Items of property, plant and equipment and acquired intangible assets utilized for research and development are capitalized and depreciated / amortized in accordance with the policies stated for Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets.

x. Borrowing Cost:

Borrowing cost consists of interest and other costs incurred in connection with the borrowing of funds and also include exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the same. Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition and/ or construction of a qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is necessary to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

y. Cash and Cash Equivalents:

For the purpose of the Standalone Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and cheques in hand, bank balances, demand deposits with banks where the original maturity is three months or less and other short-term highly liquid investments net of outstanding bank overdrafts and cash credit facilities as they are considered an integral part of the Company''s cash Management.

z. Significant Management judgment in applying accounting policies and estimation uncertainty:

The preparation of the Company''s financial statements requires the Management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities.

- Evaluation of indicators for impairment of assets

The evaluation of applicability of indicators of impairment of assets requires assessment of several external and internal factors which could result in deterioration of recoverable amount of the assets.

- Classification of leases

The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various assets. The classification of the leasing arrangement as a finance lease or operating lease is based on an assessment of several factors, including but not limited to, transfer of ownership of leased asset at the end of lease term, lessee''s option to purchase and estimated certainty of exercise of such option, proportion of lease term to the asset''s economic life, proportion of present value of minimum lease payments to fair value of leased assets and extent of specialized nature of the leased asset.

- Recoverability of advances / receivables

At each balance sheet date, based on historical default rates observed over expected life, the Management assesses the expected credit losses on outstanding receivables and advances.

- Defined Benefit Obligation (''DBO'')

Management''s estimate of the DBO is based on a number of underlying assumptions such as standard rates of inflation, mortality, discount rate and anticipation of future salary increases. Variation in these assumptions may significantly impact the DBO amount and the annual defined benefit expenses.

- Provisions

At each balance sheet date basis the Management judgment, changes in facts and legal aspects, the Company assesses the requirement of provisions against the outstanding contingent liabilities. However, the actual future outcome may be different from this judgment.

- Contingencies

Contingent liabilities may arise from the ordinary course of business in relation to claims against the Company, refer note 45. By their nature, contingencies will be resolved only when one or more uncertain future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of the existence, and potential quantum, of contingencies inherently involves the exercise of significant judgments and the use of estimates regarding the outcome of future events.

- Fair value measurements

Management applies valuation techniques to determine the fair value of financial instruments (where active market quotes are not available). This involves developing estimates and assumptions consistent with how market participants would price the instrument.

- Inventories

The Company estimates the net realizable values of inventories, taking into account the most reliable evidence available at each reporting date. The future realization of these inventories may be affected by future demand or other market-driven changes that may reduce future selling prices.

- Useful lives of depreciable / amortizable assets

Management reviews its estimate of the useful lives of depreciable / amortizable assets at each reporting date, based on the expected utility of the assets. Uncertainties in these estimates relate to technical and economic obsolescence that may change the utility of assets.

- Valuation of investment property

Investment property is stated at cost. However, as per Ind AS 40 ''Investment Property, there is a requirement to disclose fair value as at the balance sheet date. The Company engaged independent valuation specialists to determine the fair value of its investment property as at reporting date.

- Income taxes

The Company''s tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgments are involved in estimating budgeted profits for the purpose of paying advance tax, determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions (refer note 41).

- Recognition of deferred tax assets

The extent to which deferred tax assets can be recognized is based on an assessment of the probability of the future taxable income against which the deferred tax assets can be utilized.

a) Addition to the above property, plant and equipment includes Rs, 5.98 crores (31 March, 2017: Rs, 3.87 crores) incurred at Company''s in-house research and development facilities at Sahibabad, Uttar Pradesh.

b) Finance cost capitalized during the year is Rs, Nil (31 March, 2017: Rs, 4.98 crores), refer note 37. Capitalization rate used was Nil (31 March, 2017: 7.08%).

c) Other expenses capitalized during the year is Rs, Nil (31 March, 2017: Rs, 3.18 crores).

d) Plant and equipment have been hypothecated with banks against term loans, refer note 22.

e) Contractual obligations : Refer note 45 for disclosure of contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment.

f) Leasehold land : Represents land taken on lease for the years ranging from 20 to 99.

g) Impairment loss : ''Disposals / adjustments for the year'' above include impairment provision mainly pertaining to assets which are lying idle, damaged and having no future use amounting to Rs, 4.44 crores (31 March, 2017 : Rs, 0.80 crores)

A Inventories have been hypothecated with banks against working capital loans, refer note 26 for details.

* Write-downs of inventories to net realisable value on account of slow moving and obsolete items amounted to Rs, 7.01 crores (31 March, 2017: Rs, 0.80 crores). These were recognized as an expense during the year and included in ''changes in inventories of finished goods, stock-in-trade and work-in-progress'' in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

b) Rights, preference and restrictions attached to equity shares:

The Company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of '' 1 per share. Each shareholder is entitled for one vote per share held. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting except in the case of interim dividend. In the event of liquidation of the Company, the equity shareholders are entitled to receive the remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion of their shareholding.

# As per the records of the Company including its register of members.

d) Aggregate number of shares issued for consideration other than cash and shares bought back during the period of five years immediately preceding the date 31 March, 2018 :

(i) Shares allotted as fully paid pursuant to contract(s) without payment being received in cash during the financial year 2013-14 to 2017-18:

Nil (during FY 2012-13 to 2016-17: Nil ) equity shares of Rs, 1 each allotted without payment being received in cash.

(ii) Shares issued in aggregate number and class of shares allotted by way of bonus shares:

The Company has issued total 75,28,783 equity shares (during FY 2012-13 to 2016-17: 79,06,298 equity shares) during the period of five years immediately preceding 31 March, 2018 as fully paid up bonus shares including shares issued under ESOP scheme for which entire consideration not received in cash.

(iii) Shares bought back during the financial year 2013-14 to 2017-18:

Nil (during FY 2012-13 to 2016-17: Nil ) equity shares of Rs, 1 each bought back pursuant to Section 68, 69 and 70 of the Companies Act, 2013.

(iv) Shares issued under Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP) during the financial year 2013-14 to 2017-18:

The Company has issued total 1,10,56,716 equity shares of Rs, 1 each (during FY 2012-13 to 2016-17: 1,15,13,358 equity shares) during the period of five years immediately preceding 31 March, 2018 on exercise of options granted under the Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP).

(v) Shares reserved for issue under options:

For details of shares reserved for issue under the Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP) of the Company, refer note 61. These options are granted to the employees subject to cancellation under circumstance of his cessation of employment with the Company on or before the vesting date.

Description of nature and purpose of each reserve Capital reserve

Capital reserve represents the difference between value of the net assets transferred to the Company in the course of business combinations and the consideration paid for such combinations.

Securities premium reserve

Securities premium reserve is used to record the premium on issue of shares. The reserve will be utilised in accordance with provisions of the Act.

Share option outstanding account

The reserve is used to recognize the grant date fair value of options issued to employees under Employee Stock Option Schemes and is adjusted on exercise/ forfeiture of options.

General reserve

General reserve is created from time to time by way of transfer profits from retained earnings for appropriation purposes. General reserve is created by a transfer from one component of equity to another and is not an item of other comprehensive income.

Retained earnings

Retained earnings are created from the profit / loss of the Company, as adjusted for distributions to owners, transfers to other reserves, etc.

Debt instruments through other comprehensive income

This represents the cumulative gains and losses arising on the revaluation of debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income that have been recognized in other comprehensive income, net of amounts reclassified to profit or loss when such assets are disposed off and impairment losses on such instruments.

* There is no default in repayment of principal borrowing or interest thereon.

# No guarantee bond has been furnished against any borrowing.


Mar 31, 2015

1.1.1 Basis for preparation of accounts

The accounts have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention under accrual basis of accounting as per Indian GAAP. Accounts and Disclosures thereon comply with the Accounting Standards specified in Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006 which continue to apply under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, other pronouncement of ICAI, provisions of the Companies Act and guidelines issued by SEBI as applicable.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013.

2.1.2 Use of Estimates

Indian GAAP enjoins management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and contingent liabilities pertaining to years, the financial statement relate to. Actual result could differ from such estimates. Any revision in accounting estimates is recognized prospectively from current year and material revision, including its impact on financial statement, is reported in notes to accounts in the year of incorporation of revision.

2.2. Recognition of Income and Expenses

a. Sales and purchases are accounted for on the basis of passing of title to the goods.

b. Sales comprise of sale price of goods including excise duty but exclude trade discount and Sales Tax/Vat.

c. Income/ loss from future trading of commodities, forming part of inputs, is recognized at the closing point of the contract. For open contracts loss, if any, accrues on balance sheet date is recognized. However profit, if any, accruing on open contracts on balance sheet date is ignored.

d. All the other incomes have been accounted for on accrual basis except for those entailing recognition on realization basis under AS-9 on the ground of uncertainty factor.

e. All expenses are provided on accrual basis unless stated otherwise.

2.3. Fixed Assets

a. Fixed assets are stated at carrying amount i.e. cost less accumulated depreciation.

b. Cost includes freight, duties, taxes and other expenses incidental to acquisition and installation.

c. Depreciation on Fixed Assets has been provided on straight line method in terms of life span of assets specified in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 except for Moulds which are depreciated in four years on straight line method based on technical advice.

d. Patents and trademarks are being amortized over the period of ten years on straight line basis.

e. Softwares are being amortized over the period of five years on straight line basis.

f. For New Projects, all direct expenses and direct overheads (excluding services provided by employees in company''s regular payroll) are capitalized.

g. Capital Subsidy received against fixed capital outlay is deducted from gross value of individual fixed assets, forming part of subsidy scheme granted, by way of proportionate allocation of subsidy amount thereon. Depreciation is charged on net fixed assets after deduction of subsidy amount.

h. On sale of fixed assets, any profit earned towards excess of sale value over gross block of assets (i.e. balancing charge) is transferred from profit & loss account to capital reserve.

2.4. Impairment/discarding of Assets

a. The company identifies impairable fixed assets based on cash generating unit concept for tangible fixed assets and asset specific concept for intangible fixed assets at the year-end in terms of Clause 5 to 13 of AS-28 and Clause 83 of AS-26 respectively for the purpose of arriving at impairment loss thereon, if any, being the difference between the book value and recoverable value of relevant assets. Impairment loss, when crystallizes, is charged against revenue of the year.

b. Apart from test of impairment within the meaning of AS-28, individual tangible fixed assets of various Cash Generating Units (CGUs) are identified for writing down/discarding on the ground of obsolescence, damage, redundancy & un-usability at the year end.

c. Further the company has assessed recoverable value of each CGUs and each intangible asset based on value-in-use method. Such assessment indicated the value in use of corresponding assets higher than corresponding carrying cost of assets thereby ruling out the cause of further arriving at their net-selling-price and exigency of provision against impairment loss.

d. CGUs include Narenderpur plant, Sahibabad plant, each of plants situated at Nashik, Baddi, Jammu, Rudrapur, Silvasa, Pitampur, Kanpur, Alwar, Newai and Jalpaiguri.

e. Annual discount rate considered for arriving at value-in-use of assets of each CGU is 7.50% i.e. the average interest rate of external borrowing plus risk factor @ 2.00 % per annum.

(All amounts in '' crores, unless otherwise stated)

2.5. Investment

Investments that are readily realizable and are intended to be held for not more than one year at the point of acquisition are classified as "Current investments". All other investments are classified as "Non-current investments".

Current investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value. Long term investments are stated at cost. A provision for diminution is made to recognize a decline other than temporary, if any, in the value of Non current investments.

Investments in Subsidiaries, Joint Ventures and Associates are held for long term and valued at cost reduced by diminution of permanent nature therein, if any.

No profit or losses of subsidiaries are accounted for.

2.6. Research and Development Expenditure

Revenue expenditure on research & development is expensed as incurred including contribution towards scientific research expenses.

2.7. Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Basis of determination of cost remains as follows:

a. Raw material, Packing Material, Stores & Spares: Moving Weighted Average basis

b. Work-in-progress : Cost of Input plus overhead upto the stage of completion

c. Finished Goods : Cost of input plus appropriate overhead

2.8. Deferred Entitlement on Leave Travel Concession:

In terms of opinion of the Expert Advisory Committee of the ICAI, the Company has provided liability accruing on account of deferred entitlement towards Leave Travel Concession in the year in which the employees concerned render their services.

2.9. Retirement Benefits

Liabilities in respect of retirement benefits to employees are provided for as follows:

a. Defined Benefit Plans:

i. Leave Salary of employees on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS-15.

ii. Post separation benefits of Directors on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS-15.

iii. Gratuity Liability on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS-15.

b. Defined Contribution Plans:

i. Liability for superannuation fund on the basis of the premium paid to insurance company in respect of employees covered under Superannuation Fund Policy.

ii. Provident fund & ESI on the basis of actual liability accrued and paid to trust / authority.

2.10. Income Tax and Deferred Tax

The liability of company on account of income tax is estimated considering the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one year and capable of reversal in one or more subsequent years.

2.11. Contingent Liabilities

Disputed liabilities and claims against the company including claims raised by fiscal authorities (e.g. Sales Tax, Income Tax, Excise etc.), pending in appeal/court for which no reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation or which are remotely poised for crystallization are not provided for in accounts but disclosed in notes to accounts.

However, present obligation as a result of past event with possibility of outflow of resources, when reliably estimable, is recognized in accounts.

2.12. Foreign Currency Translation

a. Transactions in foreign currencies are recognized at rate of overseas currency ruling on the date of transactions. Gain / Loss arising on account of rise or fall in overseas currencies vis-a-vis reporting currency between the date of transaction and that of payment is charged to Statement of Profit & Loss.

(All amounts in Rs. crores, unless otherwise stated)

b. Receivables/payables (excluding for fixed assets) in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at the year end date and the resultant gain or loss, is accounted for in the Statement of Profit & Loss.

c. Increase / decrease in foreign currency loan on account of exchange fluctuation are debited / credited to Statement of profit and loss.

d. Impact of exchange fluctuation is separately disclosed in notes to accounts.

2.13. Employee Stock Option Purchase (ESOP)

Aggregate of quantum of option granted under the scheme in monetary term (net of consideration of issue to be paid in cash) in terms of intrinsic value has been shown as Employees Stock Option Scheme outstanding in Reserve and Surplus head of the Balance Sheet with corresponding debit in deferred Employee Compensation under ESOP appearing as a negative item as part of shareholder''s fund as per guidelines to the effect issued by SEBI.

a. With the exercise of option and consequent issue of equity share, corresponding ESOP outstanding is transferred to share premium account.

b. Employees'' contribution for the nominal value of share in respect to option granted to employees of subsidiary company is being reimbursed by subsidiary companies to holding company.

c. Entitlement of option rises proportionately with the issuance of bonus. Nominal value of shares against enhanced options is financed by the company at the point of exercise of such option by employees against utilization of general reserve/security premium.

d. Deferred employees compensation under ESOP is amortised on straight line method over the vesting period.

2.14. Mergers/Amalgamation

Merger / Amalgamation (of the nature of merger) of other company / body corporate with the company are accounted for on the basis of purchase method, the assets / liabilities being incorporated in terms of values of assets and liabilities appearing in the books of transferor entity on the date of such merger / amalgamation for the purpose of arriving at the figure of goodwill or amalgamation reserve.

2.15. Segment Reporting

The Company identifies primary segments based on the pre-dominant sources of risk effects and returns depending on organization and of the management and internal financial reporting system. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information are available and operating profit/loss there from are evaluated regularly by the management for allocation of resources and assessment of performance.

Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the company as a whole which are not allocable to segments on direct and/or reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue/ expenses/assets/liabilities".

.16. Operating Leases

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Lease rentals for operating leases are charged to statement of profit & loss on accrual basis in accordance with the respective lease agreements.

2.17. Earnings Per Share

Basic Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.


Mar 31, 2013

1.1 Basis for preparation of accounts

The accounts have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention (except for specifically excluded treatment of accounts referred to in Note no. 50) under accrual basis of accounting as per Indian GAAP. Accounts and Disclosures thereon comply with the Accounting Standards specified in Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, other pronouncement of ICAI, provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and guidelines issued by SEBI as applicable.

Indian GAAP enjoins management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and contingent liabilities pertaining to years, the financial statement relate to. Actual result could differ from such estimates. Any revision in accounting estimates is recognized prospectively from current year and material revision, including its impact on financial statement, is reported in notes to accounts in the year of incorporation of revision.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956.

1.2 Recognition of Income and Expenses

(a) Sales and purchases are accounted for on the basis of passing of title to the goods.

(b) Sales comprise of sale price of goods including excise duty but exclude trade discount and Sales tax/Vat.

(c) Income/ loss from future trading of commodities, forming part of inputs, is recognized at the closing point of the contract. For open contracts loss, if any, accrues on balance sheet date is recognized. However profit, if any, accruing on open contracts on balance sheet date is ignored.

(d) All the other incomes have been accounted for on accrual basis except for those income stipulated for recognition on realization basis on the ground of uncertainty under AS-9 or income or expenses referred to in appropriate paragraphs of Note 2.5.

1.3 Fixed Assets

(a) Fixed assets are stated at carrying amount i.e. cost less accumulated depreciation.

(b) Cost includes freight, duties, taxes and other expenses incidental to acquisition and installation.

(c) Depreciation on Fixed Assets has been provided on straight line method at rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 and as per the useful lives of the assets estimated by the management when useful life of the assets is deemed less except for part of 5/1 Unit Sahibabad, Alwar unit and Narenderpur unit and for Motor Vehicles where depreciation has been provided for on written down value methods at the rates specified in the aforesaid Schedule.

(d) Fixed Assets purchased for less than Rs. 0.05 have been depreciated at the rate of 100%.

(e) Patents and trademarks are being amortized over the period of ten years on straight line basis.

(f) Softwares are being amortized over the period of five years on straight line basis.

(g) For New Projects, all direct expenses and direct overheads (excluding services provided by employees in company''s regular payroll) are capitalized.

(h) Capital Subsidy received against fixed capital outlay is deducted from gross value of individual fixed assets, forming part of subsidy scheme granted, by way of proportionate allocation of subsidy amount thereon. Depreciation is charged on net fixed assets after deduction of subsidy amount.

(i) During sale of fixed assets, any profit earned towards excess of sale value over gross block of assets (i.e. balancing charge) is transferred from profit & loss account to capital reserve.

1.4 Impairment/discarding of Assets

(a) The company identifies impairable fixed assets based on cash generating unit concept for tangible fixed assets and asset specific concept for intangible fixed assets at the year-end in term of clause 5 to 13 of AS-28 and clause 83 of AS-26 respectively for the purpose of arriving at impairment loss thereon, if any, being the difference between the book value and recoverable value of relevant assets. Impairment loss, when crystallizes, is charged against revenue of the year.

(b) Apart from test of impairment within the meaning of AS-28, individual tangible fixed assets of various CGU''s are identified for writing down/discarding on the ground of obsolescence, damage, redundancy & un- usability at the year end.

(c) Further the company has assessed recoverable value of each cash generating units (CGUs) and each intangible asset based on value-in-use method. Such assessment indicated the value in use of corresponding assets higher than corresponding carrying cost of assets thereby ruling out the cause of further arriving at their net-selling-price and exigency of provision against impairment loss.

(d) CGUs include Narenderpur plant, Sahibabad plant, each of plants situated at Nashik, Baddi, Jammu, Rudrapur, Silvasa, Pitampur, Kanpur, Alwar, Newai and Jalpaiguri.

(e) Annual discount rate considered for arriving at value-in-use of assets of each CGU is 7.50% i.e. the average interest rate of external borrowing plus risk factor @ 2.00 % per annum.

1.5 Financial Assets & Liabilities

(a) Financial assets held for trading

These assets relate to equity instruments, mutual funds held for short term which is carried at fair value. The difference of cost and fair value is accounted for as loss or income, as the case may be, in profit & loss account.

(b) Financial assets available for sale

These relate to non-current investments e.g. Equity Instruments/ Government Securities held for long term which is carried at fair value. The difference between cost and fair value is accounted for in investment revaluation reserve forming part of equity.

(c) Other financial assets/liabilities - Loans, Receivables, Payables

These include all remaining items of assets and liabilities, (excluding equity, fixed (tangible & intangible) assets, inventories and specific exemptions referred to in paragraphs to follow), being carried at amortized cost. The difference between unamortized value and amortized value is accounted for as a loss or income, as the case may be, in profit & loss account.

No amortization is made for financial assets/ liabilities bearing floating rate of interest or where amortization has immaterial impact on profitability in AS - 30.

(d) Financial Instruments

These relate to off - balance sheet exposure towards foreign exchange of the nature of currency fluctuation or forward contract, being marked to market,entered into with the object of hedging against adverse currency fluctuations (not being for trading and speculation) in respect of import/export commitments. Financial Instruments are held at fair value and the profit or loss arising on year closing date on account of difference between contract rate and exchange rate (the latter being the fair value) on open contracts relevant to maturity date is recognized as profit or loss of the year appearing under broad head of "Finance Cost".

(e) Fair value of financial assets - held for trading is determined on the basis of market quotation/ NAV issued by investees. In the absence of scope of determination of fair value, same are held at cost.

(f) Amortized cost is carried at by way of discounting future cash inflow/outflow in respect of relevant asset/liability as on reporting date against application of effective rate of interest.

(g) Interest in subsidiaries/associates/joint venture, employees related dues, obligation under financial lease (in the capacity of lessee/ lessor) have been left out of the purview of treatments referred to herein for financial assets/liabilities because of different accounting standards dealing with them.

(h) No amortized value of fiscal provision or advance tax has been considered because of period of uncertainty of their adjustment.

1.6 Investments in Subsidiaries, Joint Ventures and Associates

These are held for long term and valued at cost reduced by diminution of permanent nature therein, if any.

No profit or losses of subsidiaries are accounted for.

1.7 Research and Development Expenses

Contributions towards scientific research expenses are charged to the Profit & Loss Account in the year in which the contribution is made.

1.8 Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Basis of determination of cost remains as follows:

(a) Raw material, Packing Material, Stores & Spares: Moving weighted Average basis

(b) Work-in-progress : Cost of Input plus overhead upto the stage of completion

(c) Finished Goods : Cost of input plus appropriate overhead

1.9 Deferred Entitlement on Leave Travel Concession

In terms of opinion of the Expert Advisory Committee of the ICAI, the Company has provided liability accruing on account of deferred entitlement towards Leave Travel Concession in the year in which the employees concerned render their services.

1.10 Retirement Benefits

Liabilities in respect of retirement benefits to employees are provided for as follows:-

(a) Defined Benefit Plans

i) Leave Salary of employees on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS-15 (revised).

ii) Post separation benefits of directors, which is of the nature of long term benefit, on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS-15 (revised).

iii) Gratuity Liability on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS-15 (revised)

(b) Defined Contribution Plans

i) Liability for superannuation fund on the basis of the premium paid to insurance company in respect of employees covered under Superannuation Fund Policy.

ii) Provident fund & ESI on the basis of actual liability accrued and paid to trust / authority.

(c) Voluntary Retirement Scheme, if paid, is charged to revenue in the year of payment.

1.11 Income Tax and Deferred Tax

The liability of company on account of income tax is estimated considering the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one year and capable of reversal in one or more subsequent years.

1.12 Contingent Liabilities

Disputed liabilities and claims against the company including claims raised by fiscal authorities (e.g. Sales Tax , Income Tax & Excise etc.), pending in appeal/ court for which no reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation or which are remotely poised for crystallization are not provided for in accounts but disclosed in notes to accounts. However, present obligation as a result of past event with possibility of outflow of resources, when reliably estimable, is recognized in accounts.

1.13 Foreign Currency Translation

(a) Transactions in foreign currencies are recognized at rate of overseas currency ruling on the date of transactions. Gain / Loss arising on account of rise or fall in overseas currencies vis-a-vis reporting currency between the date of transaction and that of payment is charged to Profit & Loss Account.

(b) Receivables/Payables (excluding for fixed assets) in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at the year end date and the resultant gain or loss, is accounted for in the Profit & Loss Account.

(c) Increase / decrease in foreign currency loan on account of exchange fluctuation are debited / credited to profit and loss account.

(d) Impact of exchange fluctuation is separately disclosed in notes to accounts

1.14 Employee Stock Option Purchase (ESOP) Aggregate of quantum of option granted under the scheme in monetary term (net of consideration of issue to be pai d i n cash ) i n terms of i ntri nsi c val u e has been shown as Employees Stock Option Scheme outstanding in Reserve and Surplus head of the Balance Sheet with corresponding debit in deferred Employee Compensation under ESOP appearing as Miscellaneous Expenditure under broad head of Non-current Assets as per guidelines to the effect issued by SEBI.

(a) With the exercise of option and consequent issue of equity share, corresponding ESOP outstanding is transferred to share premium account.

(b) Employees''contribution for the nominal value of share in respect to option granted to employees of subsidiary company is being reimbursed by subsidiary companies to holding company.

(c) Entitlement of option rises proportionately with the issuance of bonus. Nominal value of shares against enhanced options is financed by the company at the point of exercise of such option by employees against utilization of general reserve/security premium.

1.15 Mergers/Amalgamation

Merger / Amalgamation (of the nature of merger) of other company / body corporate with the company are accounted for on the basis of purchase method, the assets / liabilities being incorporated in terms of values of assets and liabilities appearing in the books of transferor entity on the date of such merger/ amalgamation for the purpose of arriving at the figure of goodwill or amalgamation reserve.

1.16 Segment Reporting

The Company identifies primary segments based on the pre-dominant sources of risk effects and returns depending on organization and of the management and internal financial reporting system. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information are available and operating profit/loss there from are evaluated regularly by the management for allocation of resources and assessment of performance.

Revenue, expenses assets and liabilities which relate to the company as a whole which are not allocable to segments on direct and/or reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue/ expenses/assets/liabilities"

1.17 Earnings per Share

Basic Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

1.18 Miscellaneous Expenditure

(a) Deferred Employees Compensation under ESOP is amortized on straight line basis over vesting period.

(b) Share issue expenses and research fee paid in connection with technical collaborations are charged to revenue in the year of occurrence.


Mar 31, 2012

1. Accounting Convention:

The accounts have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention (except for specifically excluded treatment of accounts referred to in B 16(a) under accrual basis of accounting as per Indian GAAP. Accounts and disclosures thereon comply with the Accounting Standards specified in Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, other pronouncements of ICAI, provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and guidelines issued by SEBI as applicable.

Indian GAAP enjoins management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and contingent liabilities pertaining to year, the financial statements relate to. Actual result could differ from such estimates. Any revision in accounting estimate is recognized prospectively from current year and material revision, including its impact on financial statement, is reported in notes to accounts in the year of incorporation of revision.

2. Fixed Assets and Depreciation:

a. Fixed assets are stated at carrying amount i.e. subject to deduction of accumulated depreciation.

b. Cost includes inward freight, duties, taxes and other expenses incidental to acquisition and installation.

c. Depreciation on Fixed Assets has been provided on straight line method at rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act and as per the useful lives of the assets estimated by the management when useful life of the assets is deemed less except for part of 5/1 Unit Sahibabad, Alwar unit and Narenderpur unit and for Motor Vehicles where depreciation has been provided for on written down value methods at the rates specified in the aforesaid Schedule.

d. Fixed Assets purchased for less than Rs. 5000/- have been depreciated at the rate of 100%.

e. Patents and trademarks are being amortized over the period of ten years on straight line basis.

f. Softwares are being amortized over the period of five years on straight line basis.

g. For New Projects, all direct expenses and direct overheads (excluding services provided by employees in Company's regular payroll) are capitalized.

h. Capital Subsidy received against fixed capital outlay is deducted from gross value of individual fixed assets, forming part of subsidy scheme granted, by way of proportionate allocation of subsidy amount thereon. Depreciation is charged on net fixed assets after deduction of subsidy amount.

i. During sale of fixed assets, any profit earned towards excess of sale value over gross block of assets, is transferred from profit & loss account to capital reserve.

3. Impairment /discarding of assets:

The Company identifies impairable fixed assets based on cash generating unit concept for tangible fixed assets and asset specific concept for intangible fixed assets at the year-end in term of clause 5 to 13 of AS -28 and clause 83 of AS- 26 respectively for the purpose of arriving at impairment loss thereon, if any, being the difference between the book value and recoverable value of relevant assets. Impairment loss, when crystallizes, is charged against revenue of the year. Apart from test of impairment within the meaning of AS 28, individual tangible fixed assets of various CGU's are identified for writing down on the ground of obsolescence, damage, redundancy & un-usability at the year end.

4. Financial Assets & Liabilities:

a. Financial assets held for trading:

These assets relate to equity instruments, mutual funds held for short term which are carried at fair value. The difference of cost and fair value is accounted for as loss or income, forming part of transitional provisions, adjustable against opening balance of General Reserves.

b. Financial assets available for sale:

These relate to non-current investments eg. Equity Instruments/ Government Securities held for long term carried at fair value. The difference between cost and fair value is accounted for in investment revaluation reserve forming part of equity.

c. Other financial Assets/Liabilities - Loans, Receivables, Payables:

These include all remaining items of assets and liabilities, (excluding equity, fixed (tangible & intangible) assets inventories and specific exemptions referred to in note 4(g) to follow), being carried at amortized cost. The difference between unamortized value and amortized value is accounted for as a loss or income, forming part of transitional provisions, adjustable against opening balance of revenue reserves.

No amortization is made for financial assets/ liabilities bearing floating rate of interest or where amortization has immaterial impact on profitability in AS - 30.

d. Financial Instruments:

These relate to off - balance sheet exposure towards foreign exchange of the nature of currency fluctuation or forward contract, being mark to market, entered into with the object of hedging against adverse currency fluctuations (not being for trading and speculation) in respect of import/export commitments.

Financial Instruments are held at fair value and the profit or loss arising on year closing date on account of difference between contract rate and exchange rate (the latter being the fair value) on open contracts is recognized as profit or loss of the year appearing under broad head of "Finance Cost"

e. Fair value of financial assets - held for trading is determined on the basis of market quotation/NAV issued by investees. In the absence of scope of determination of fair value, same are held at cost.

f. Amortized cost is carried at by way of discounting future cash inflow/outflow in respect of relevant asset/liability as on reporting date against application of effective rate of interest.

g. Interest in subsidiaries/associates/joint venture, employees related dues, obligation under financial lease (in the capacity of lessee/ lessor) have been left out of the purview of treatments referred to for financial assets/liabilities because of different accounting standards dealing with them.

h. No amortized value of fiscal provision or advance tax has been considered because of period of uncertainty of their adjustment.

5. Investments in Subsidiaries, Joint Ventures and Associates:

These are held for long term and valued at cost reduced by diminution of permanent nature therein, if any.

No profit or losses of subsidiaries are accounted for.

6. Deferred Entitlement on LTC :

In terms of the opinion of the Expert Advisory Committee of the ICAI, the Company has provided liability accruing on account of deferred entitlement towards LTC in the year in which the employees concerned render their services.

7. Inventories:

Stocks are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value. Basis of determination of cost remain as follows:

a. Raw materials, Packing materials, Stores & Spares : Moving weighted Average Basis

b. Work-in-process : Cost of input plus overhead upto the stage of completion.

c. Finished goods : Cost of input plus appropriate overheads.

8. Research and Development Expenses:

Contributions towards scientific research expenses are charged to the Profit & Loss Account in the year in which the contribution is made.

9. Retirement Benefits:

Liabilities in respect of retirement benefits to employees are provided for as follows :-

a. Defined Benefit Plans :

i) Leave Salary of employees on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS 15 (revised).

ii) Post separation benefits of directors, which is of the nature of long term benefit, on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS 15 (revised).

iii) Gratuity Liability on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS 15 (revised)

b. Defined Contribution Plans:

i) Liability for superannuation fund on the basis of the premium paid to insurance company in respect of employees covered under Superannuation Fund Policy.

ii) Provident fund & ESI on the basis of actual liability accrued and paid to trust / authority.

c. VRS, if paid, is charged to revenue in the year of payment.

10. Recognition of Income and expenses:

a. Sales and purchases are accounted for on the basis of passing of title to the goods.

b. Sales comprise of sale price of goods including excise duty but exclude trade discount and sales tax / VAT.

c. All items of incomes and expenses have been accounted for on accrual basis except for those income stipulated for recognition on realization basis on the ground of uncertainty under AS-9 or income or expenses referred to in appropriate paragraphs of A (4) above.

11. Income Tax & Deferred Taxation:

The liability of Company on account of income tax is estimated considering the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one year and capable of reversal in one or more subsequent years.

12. Contingent Liabilities:

Disputed liabilities and claims against the Company including claims raised by fiscal authorities (e.g. Sales Tax , Income Tax, Excise etc.), pending in appeal/court for which no reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation or which are remotely poised for crystallization are not provided for in accounts but disclosed in notes to accounts.

However, present obligation as a result of past event with possibility of outflow of resources, when reliably estimable, is recognized in accounts.

13. Foreign Currency Translation:

a. Transactions in foreign currencies are recognized at rate of overseas currency ruling on the date of transactions. Gain / Loss arising on account of rise or fall in overseas currencies vis-a-vis reporting currency between the date of transaction and that of payment is charged to Profit & Loss Account.

b. Receivables/payables (excluding for fixed assets) in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at the year end date and the resultant gain or loss, is accounted for in the Profit & Loss Account.

c. Increase / decrease in foreign currency loan on account of exchange fluctuation are debited / credited to profit and loss account.

d. Impact of exchange fluctuation is separately disclosed in notes to accounts.

14. Employee Stock Option Purchase (ESOP):

Aggregate of quantum of option granted under the scheme in monetary term (net of consideration of issue to be paid in cash) in terms of intrinsic value has been shown as Employees Stock Option Scheme outstanding in Reserve and Surplus head of the Balance Sheet with corresponding debit in deferred Employee Compensation under ESOP appearing as Miscellaneous Expenditure under broad head of non-current assets as per guidelines to the effect issued by SEBI.

a. With the exercise of option and consequent issue of equity share, corresponding ESOP outstanding is transferred to share premium account.

b. Employees' contribution for the nominal value of share in respect to option granted to employees of subsidiary Company is being reimbursed by subsidiary companies to holding Company.

15. Merger / Amalgamation:

Merger / Amalgamation (of the nature of merger) of other Company / body corporate with the Company are accounted for on the basis of purchase method, the assets / liabilities being incorporated in terms of values of assets and liabilities appearing in the books of transferor entity on the date of such merger / amalgamation for the purpose of arriving at the figure of goodwill or amalgamation reserve.

16. Miscellaneous Expenditure:

- Deferred Employees Compensation under ESOP is amortized on straight line basis over vesting period.

- Share issue expenses and research fee paid to technical collaborators are charged to revenue in the year of is occurrence


Mar 31, 2011

1. Accounting Convention:

The accounts have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention under accrual basis of accounting as per Indian GAAP. Accounts and disclosures thereon comply with the Accounting Standards specified in Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, other pronouncements of ICAI, provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and guidelines issued by SEBI as applicable.

Indian GAAP enjoins management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and contingent liabilities pertaining to year, the financial statements relate to. Actual result could differ from such estimates. Any revision in accounting estimate is recognized prospectively from current year and material revision, including its impact on financial statement, is reported in notes to accounts in the year of incorporation of revision.

2. Fixed Assets and Depreciation:

- Fixed assets are stated at carrying amount i.e. subject to deduction of accumulated depreciation.

- Cost includes inward freight, duties, taxes and other expenses incidental to acquisition and installation.

- Depreciation on Fixed Assets has been provided on straight line method at rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act and as per the useful lives of the assets estimated by the management when useful life of the assets is deemed less except for part of 5/1 Unit Sahibabad, Alwar unit and Narenderpur unit where depreciation has been provided for on written down value methods at the rates specified in the aforesaid Schedule.

- Patents and trademarks are being amortized over the period of ten years on straight line basis.

- Softwares are being amortized over the period of five years on straight line basis.

- For New Projects, all direct expenses and direct overheads (excluding services provided by employees in companys regular payroll) are capitalized.

- Capital Subsidy received against fixed capital outlay is deducted from gross value of individual fixed assets, forming part of subsidy scheme granted, by way of proportionate allocation of subsidy amount thereon. Depreciation is charged on net fixed assets after deduction of subsidy amount.

- During sale of fixed assets, any profit earned towards excess of sale value over gross block of assets, is transferred from profit &loss account to capital reserve.

3. Impairment /discarding of assets :-

The company identifies impairable fixed assets based on cash generating unit concept for tangible fixed assets and asset specific concept for intangible fixed assets at the year-end in term of clause 5 to 13 of AS -28 and clause 83 of AS- 26 respectively for the purpose of arriving at impairment loss thereon, if any, being the difference between the book value and recoverable value of relevant assets. Impairment loss, when crystallizes, is charged against revenue of the year.

Apart from test of impairment within the meaning of AS 28, individual tangible fixed assets of various CGUs are identified for writing down on the ground of obsolescence, damage, redundancy & un-usability at the year end.

4. Investments :

Current investments are held at lower of cost and NAV/Market value. Long term investments are held at cost less diminution, if any, in carrying cost of investments other than temporary in nature.

Loss, if any, sustained by any subsidiary is not recognized.

5. Deferred Entitlement on LTC :

In terms of the opinion of the Expert Advisory Committee of the ICAI, the Company has provided liability accruing on account of deferred entitlement towards LTC in the year in which the employees concerned render their services.

6. Inventories:

Stocks are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value. Basis of determination of cost remain as follows:

- Raw materials, Packing materials, stores & Spares : Weighted Average Basis

- Work-in-process : Cost of input plus overhead upto the stage of completion.

- Finished goods : Cost of input plus appropriate Overheads.

7. Research and Development Expenses:

Contributions towards scientific research expenses are charged to the Profit & Loss Account in the year in which the contribution is made.

8. Retirement Benefits:

Liabilities in respect of retirement benefits to employees are provided for as follows :-

A. Defined Benefit Plans :

- Leave Salary of employees on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS 15 (revised).

- Post separation benefits of directors, which is of the nature of long term benefit, on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS 15 (revised).

- Gratuity Liability on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS 15 (revised)

B. Defined Contribution Plans :

- Liability for superannuation fund on the basis of the premium paid to insurance company in respect of employees covered under Superannuation Fund Policy.

- Provident fund & ESI on the basis of actual liability accrued and paid to trust / authority.

C. VRS, if paid, is charged to revenue in the year of payment.

9. Recognition of Income and expenses:

- Sales and purchases are accounted for on the basis of passing of title to the goods.

- Sales comprise of sale price of goods including excise duty but exclude trade discount and sales tax / VAT.

- All items of incomes and expenses have been accounted for on accrual basis except for those income stipulated for recognition on realization basis on the ground of uncertainty under AS-9.

10. Income Tax & Deferred Taxation

The liability of company on account of income tax is estimated considering the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one year and capable of reversal in one or more subsequent years.

11. Contingent Liabilities:

Disputed liabilities and claims against the company including claims raised by fiscal authorities (e.g. Sales Tax , Income Tax, Excise etc.), pending in appeal/court for which no reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation or which are remotely poised for crystallization are not provided for in accounts but disclosed in notes to accounts.

However, present obligation as a result of past event with possibility of outflow of resources, when reliably estimable, is recognized in accounts.

12. Foreign Currency Translation:

- Transactions in foreign currencies are recognized at rate of overseas currency ruling on the date of transactions. Gain / Loss arising on account of rise or fall in overseas currencies vis-a-vis reporting currency between the date of transaction and that of payment is charged to Profit & Loss Account.

- Receivables/payables (excluding for fixed assets) in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at the year end date and the resultant gain or loss, is accounted for in the Profit & Loss Account.

- Increase / decrease in foreign currency loan on account of exchange fluctuation are debited / credited to profit and loss account.

- Impact of exchange fluctuation is separately disclosed in notes to accounts.

13 Employee Stock Option Purchase (ESOP):

Aggregate of quantum of option granted under the scheme in monetary term (net of consideration of issue to be paid in cash) in terms of intrinsic value has been shown as Employees Stock Option Scheme outstanding in Reserve and Surplus head of the Balance Sheet by way of debiting deferred Employee Compensation under ESOP as per guidelines to the effect issued by SEBI.

- With the exercise of option and consequent issue of equity share, corresponding ESOP outstanding is transferred to share premium account.

- Employees contribution for the nominal value of share in respect to option granted to employees of subsidiary company is being reimbursed by subsidiary companies to holding company.

14. Derivative Trading :

The company enters into derivative transaction of the nature of currency future or forward contract with the object of hedging against adverse currency fluctuation only (not being for trading or speculation) in respect of import / export commitment and exposure in foreign currency. The contracts are by and large mark to market and loss, if any, sustained on open contract is recognized in accounts. However gain, if any, in this connection is not recognized as a measure of prudence.

15. Merger / Amalgamation:

Merger / Amalgamation (of the nature of merger) of other company / body corporate with the company are accounted for on the basis of purchase method, the assets / liabilities being incorporated in terms of values of assets and liabilities appearing in the books of transferor entity on the date of such merger / amalgamation for the purpose of arriving at the figure of goodwill or amalgamation reserve.

16. Miscellaneous Expenditure:

- Deferred Employees Compensation under ESOP is amortized on straight line basis over vesting period.

- Share issue expenses and research fee paid to technical collaborators are charged to revenue in the year of its occurrence


Mar 31, 2010

1. Accounting Convention:

The accounts have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention under accrual basis of accounting as per Indian GAAP. Accounts and disclosures thereon comply with the Accounting Standards specified in Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, other pronouncements of ICAI, provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and guidelines issued by SEBI as applicable.

Indian GAAP enjoins management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and contingent liability pertaining to year, the financial statements relate to. Actual result could differ from such estimates. Any revision in accounting estimate is recognized prospectively from current year and material revision, including its impact on financial statement, is reported in notes to accounts in the year of incorporation of revision.

2. Fixed Assets and Depreciation:

- Fixed assets are stated at carrying amount i.e. subject to deduction of accumulated depreciation.

- Cost includes inward freight, duties, taxes and other expenses incidental to acquisition and installation.

- Depreciation on Fixed Assets have been provided on straight line method at rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act and as per the useful lives of the assets estimated by the management when useful life of the assets is deemed less except for part of 5/1 Unit Sahibabad, Alwar unit and Narenderpur unit where depreciation have been provided for on written down value methods at the rates specified in the aforesaid Schedule.

- Patents are being amortized over the period of ten years on straight line basis.

- Software are being amortized over the period of five years on straight line basis.

- For New Projects , all direct expenses and direct overheads (excluding services provided by employees in companys regular payroll) are capitalized.

- Capital Subsidy received against fixed capital outlay is deducted from gross value of individual fixed assets, forming part of subsidy scheme granted, by way of proportionate allocation of subsidy amount thereon. Depreciation is charged on net fixed assets after deduction of subsidy amount.

- During sale of fixed assets, any profit earned towards excess of sale value over gross block of assets, is transferred from profit & loss account to capital reserve.

3. Impairment /discarding of assets :

The company identifies impair able fixed assets based on cash generating unit concept for tangible fixed assets and asset specific concept for intangible fixed assets at the year-end in term of clause 5 to 13 of AS -28 and clause 83 of AS- 26 respectively for the purpose of arriving at impairment loss thereon, if any, being the difference between the book value and recoverable value of relevant assets. Impairment loss, when crystallizes, is charged against revenue of the year.

Apart from test of impairment within the meaning of AS 28, individual tangible fixed assets of various CGUs are identified for writing down on the ground of obsolescence, damage, redundancy & un-usability at the year end.

4. Investments :

Current investments are held at lower of cost and NAV/Market value. Long term investments are held at cost less diminution, if any, in carrying cost of investments other than temporary in nature.

Loss, if any, sustained by any subsidiary is not recognized.

5. Deferred Entitlement on LTC :

In terms of the opinion of the Expert Advisory Committee of the ICAI, the Company has provided liability accruing on account of deferred entitlement towards LTC in the year in which the employees concerned render their services.

6. Inventories:

Stocks are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value. Basis of determination of cost remain as follows:

- Raw materials, Packing materials, stores & Spares : Weighted Average Basis

- Work-in-process : Cost of input plus overheadupto the stage of completion.

- Finished goods : Cost of input plus appropriate Overhead.

7. Research and Development Expenses:

Contributions towards scientific research expenses are charged to the Profit & Loss Account in the year in which the contribution is made.

8. Retirement Benefits:

Liabilities in respect of retirement benefits to employees are provided for as follows :- A. Defined Benefit Plans :

- Leave Salary of employees on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS 15 (revised).

- Post separation benefits of directors, which is of the nature of long term benefit, on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS 15 (revised).

- Gratuity Liability on the basis of actuarial valuation as per AS 15 (revised). B. Defined Contribution Plans :

- Liability for superannuation fund on the basis of the premium paid to insurance company in respect of employees covered under Superannuation Fund Policy.

- Provident fund & ESI on the basis of actual liability accrued and paid to trust / authority. C . VRS, if paid, is charged to revenue in the year of payment.

9. Recognition of Income and expenses:

- Sales and purchases are accounted for on the basis of passing of title to the goods.

- Sales comprise of sale price of goods including excise duty but exclude trade discount and sales tax / VAT.

- All items of incomes and expenses have been accounted for on accrual basis except for those income stipulated for recognition on realization basis on the ground of uncertainty under AS -9.

10. Income Tax & Deferred Taxation:

The liability of company on account of income tax is estimated considering the provisions of the Income Tax Act , 1961. Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one year and capable of reversal in one or more subsequent years.

11. Contingent Liabilities:

Disputed liabilities and claims against the company including claims raised by fiscal authorities (e.g. Sales Tax , Income Tax, Excise etc.), pending in appeal/court for which no reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation or which are remotely poised for crystallization are not provided for in accounts but disclosed in notes to accounts.

However, present obligation as a result of past event with possibility of outflow of resources, when reliably estimable, is recognized in accounts.

12. Foreign Currency Translation:

- Transaction in foreign currencies are recognized at rate of overseas currency ruling on the date of transactions. Gain / Loss arising on account of rise or fall in overseas currencies vis-a-vis reporting currency between the date of transaction and that of payment is charged to Profit & Loss Account.

- Receivables/payables (excluding for fixed assets) in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at the year end date and the resultant gain or loss, is accounted for in the Profit & Loss Account.

- Increase / decrease in foreign currency loan on account of exchange fluctuation are debited / credited to profit and loss account.

- Impact of exchange fluctuation is separately disclosed in notes to accounts.

13. Employee Stock Option Purchase (ESOP):

Aggregate of quantum of option granted under the scheme in monetary term (net of consideration of issue to be paid in cash) in terms of intrinsic value has been shown as Employees Stock Option Scheme outstanding in Reserve and Surplus head of the Balance Sheet by way of debiting deferred Employee Compensation under ESOP as per guideline to the effect issued by SEBI.

- With the exercise of option and consequent issue of equity share, corresponding ESOP outstanding is transferred to share premium account.

- Employees contribution for the nominal value of share in respect to option granted to employees of subsidiary company is being reimbursed by subsidiary companies to holding company.

14. Derivative Trading :

The company enters into derivative transaction of the nature of currency future or forward contract with the object of hedging against adverse currency fluctuation only (not being for trading or speculation) in respect of import / export commitment and exposure in foreign currency. The contracts are by and large mark to market and loss, if any, sustained on open contract is recognized in accounts. However gain, if any, in this connection is not recognized as a measure of prudence.

15. Miscellaneous Expenditure:

- Deferred Employees Compensation under ESOP is amortized on straight line basis over vesting period.

- Share issue expenses and research fee paid to technical collaborators are charged to revenue in the year of is occurrence

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