Vanta Bioscience Ltd. நிறுவனத்தின் கணக்கியல் கொள்கைகள்

Mar 31, 2025

NOTE 2: SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

a) Basis of Accounting:

The financial statements have been prepared and presented under the historic cost convention on accrual basis to
comply in all material respects with the notified Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Act, read with
Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. The Accounting Policies have been consistently applied by the
Company and are consistent with those used in the previous year. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current
or non-current as per the Company’s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III of the Companies
Act, 2013.

b) Use of Estimates:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgments,
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities and the
disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the
management’s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could
result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of Assets or Liabilities in the Future periods.

c) Property, Plant and Equipments:

Fixed assets are stated at cost less depreciation. All costs (excluding GST and Subsidy), including financing costs till
commencement of commercial production and adjustments arising from exchange rate variations relating to borrowings
attributable to the fixed assets are capitalized.

d) Depreciation:

The Company has provided depreciation for all the assets using Straight Line method as per the provisions specified in
the Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

e) Inventories:

Inventories have been taken as valued and certified by the Management. The basis of valuation is as under:

Raw materials, Stores & Spares - at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower.

Finished goods - at cost or net realizable value on FIFO basis whichever is lower.

f) Retirement benefits:

(i) Company’s contribution to provident fund is charged to Profit & Loss Account.

(ii) Provision has been made in accounts for the future payment of gratuity to the employees of the Company, Pursuant
to the payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 however provision has not been made based on the actuarial valuation.

g) Revenue recognition:

Income from operations is accounted Inclusive of GST on accrual basis.

i) Dividend from investments is recognized when the right to receive the payment is established.

ii) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the
applicable interest rate. Interest income is included under the head “other income-" in the statement of profit and
loss.

iii) Revenue accrued, but not due at the end of financial year is recognized on proportionate completion basis in profit &
Loss Account as per AS-7.

h) Investments:

Current Investments are valued at cost or market price whichever is lower and in the absence of market quotation, cost
price is adopted. Long Term I nvestments are valued at cost.

I) R&D Expenditure:

Capital expenditure is included in the fixed assets and depreciation as per Company’s policy.

Revenue expenditure is charged to profit & loss account of the year in which they are incurred and included in the
respective heads of expenditure.

j) Borrowing Costs:

Borrowings costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of cost of such
asset. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. All other
borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

k) Cash Flow Statement:

The Cash Flow Statement has been compiled with and is based on the Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2024 and the
related Profit and Loss Account for the year ended on that date. The Cash Flow Statement has been prepared under the
indirect method as set out in the Accounting Standard-3 on Cash Flow statement issued by ICAI.

l) Accounting for Taxes on Income:

Current Tax: Provision for Current Income Tax is made on the basis of the taxable income for the year as determined in
accordance with the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax: Deferred income tax is recognized, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income
and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. The
tax effect is calculated on the accumulated timing differences at the year end based on tax rates and laws. Enacted or
substantially enacted as of the Balance Sheet date.

m) Impairment of Assets:

The management assesses using external and internal sources whether there is any indication that an asset may be
impaired. Impairment of an asset occurs where the carrying value exceeds the present value of cash flow expected to
arise from the continuing use of the asset and its eventual disposal. The provision for impairment loss is made when
recoverable amount of the asset is lower than the carrying amount.

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Mar 31, 2024

Note 2: Significant accounting policies

a) Basis of Accounting:

The financial statements have been prepared and presented under the historic cost convention on accrual basis
to comply in all material respects with the notified Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Act,
read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. The Accounting Policies have been consistently
applied by the Company and are consistent with those used in the previous year. All assets and liabilities have
been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out
in the Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013.

b) Use of Estimates:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make
judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets, and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates
are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these
assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts
of Assets or Liabilities in the Future periods.

c) Property, Plant and Equipments:

Fixed assets are stated at cost less depreciation. All costs (excluding GST and Subsidy), including financing
costs till commencement of commercial production and adjustments arising from exchange rate variations
relating to borrowings attributable to the fixed assets are capitalized.

d) Depreciation:

The Company has provided depreciation for all the assets using Straight Line method as per the provisions
specified in the Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

e) Inventories:

Inventories have been taken as valued and certified by the Management. The basis of valuation is as under:

Raw materials, Stores & Spares - at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower.

Finished goods - at cost or net realizable value on FIFO basis whichever is lower.

f) Retirement benefits:

( i) Company''s contribution to provident fund is charged to Profit & Loss Account.

(ii) Provision has been made in accounts for the future payment of gratuity to the employees of the Company,
Pursuant to the payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 however provision has not been made based on the actuarial
valuation.

g) Revenue recognition:

Income from operations is accounted Inclusive of GST on accrual basis.

i) Dividend from investments is recognized when the right to receive the payment is established.

ii) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the
applicable interest rate. Interest income is included under the head “other income-" in the statement of profit
and loss.

iii) Revenue accrued, but not due at the end of financial year is recognized on proportionate completion basis in
profit & Loss Account as per AS-7.

h) Investments:

Current Investments are valued at cost or market price whichever is lower and in the absence of market
quotation, cost price is adopted. Long Term I nvestments are valued at cost.

i) R&D Expenditure:

Capital expenditure is included in the fixed assets and depreciation as per Company''s policy.

Revenue expenditure is charged to profit & loss account of the year in which they are incurred and included in
the respective heads of expenditure.

j) Borrowing Costs:

Borrowings costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of
cost of such asset. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for
intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

k) Cash Flow Statement:

The Cash Flow Statement has been compiled with and is based on the Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2024
and the related Profit and Loss Account for the year ended on that date. The Cash Flow Statement has been
prepared under the indirect method as set out in the Accounting Standard-3 on Cash Flow statement issued by
ICAI.

l) Accounting for Taxes on Income:

Current Tax: Provision for Current Income Tax is made on the basis of the taxable income for the year as
determined in accordance with the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax: Deferred income tax is recognized, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable
income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more
subsequent periods. The tax effect is calculated on the accumulated timing differences at the year end based on
tax rates and laws. Enacted or substantially enacted as of the Balance Sheet date.

m) Impairment of Assets:

The management assesses using external and internal sources whether there is any indication that an asset
may be impaired. Impairment of an asset occurs where the carrying value exceeds the present value of cash
flow expected to arise from the continuing use of the asset and its eventual disposal. The provision for
impairment loss is made when recoverable amount of the asset is lower than the carrying amount.

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Mar 31, 2023

Significant accounting policies

a) Basis of Accounting:

The financial statements have been prepared and presented under the historic cost convention on accrual basis
to comply in all material respects with the notified Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Act,
read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. The Accounting Policies have been consistently
applied by the Company and are consistent with those used in the previous year. All assets and liabilities have
been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out
in the Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013.

b) Principles of Consolidation:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make
judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets, and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates
are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these
assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts
of Assets or Liabilities in the Future periods.

c) Property, Plant and Equipments:

Fixed assets are stated at cost less depreciation. All costs (excluding GST and Subsidy), including financing
costs till commencement of commercial production and adjustments arising from exchange rate variations
relating to borrowings attributable to the fixed assets are capitalized.

d) Depreciation:

The Company has provided depreciation for all the assets using Straight Line method as per the provisions
specified in the Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

e) Inventories:

Inventories have been taken as valued and certified by the Management. The basis of valuation is as under:

Raw materials, Stores & Spares - at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower.

Finished goods - at cost or net realizable value on FIFO basis whichever is lower.

f) Retirement benefits:

(i) Company''s contribution to provident fund is charged to Profit & Loss Account.

(ii) Provision has been made in accounts for the future payment of gratuity to the employees of the Company,
Pursuant to the payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 however provision has not been made based on the actuarial
valuation.

g) Revenue recognition:

Income from operations is accounted Inclusive of GST on accrual basis.

i) Dividend from investments is recognized when the right to receive the payment is established.

ii) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the
applicable interest rate. Interest income is included under the head “other income-" in the statement of profit
and loss.

iii) Revenue accrued, but not due at the end of financial year is recognized on proportionate completion basis in
profit & Loss Account as per AS-7.

h) Investments:

Current Investments are valued at cost or market price whichever is lower and in the absence of market
quotation, cost price is adopted. Long Term Investments are valued at cost.

I) R&D Expenditure:

Capital expenditure is included in the fixed assets and depreciation as per Company''s policy.

Revenue expenditure is charged to profit & loss account of the year in which they are incurred and included in the
respective heads of expenditure.

j) Borrowing Costs:

Borrowings costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of
cost of such asset. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for
intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

k) Cash Flow Statement:

The Cash Flow Statement has been compiled with and is based on the Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2023
and the related Profit and Loss Account for the year ended on that date. The Cash Flow Statement has been
prepared under the indirect method as set out in the Accounting Standard-3 on Cash Flow statement issued by
ICAI.

l) Accounting for Taxes on Income:

Current Tax: Provision for Current Income Tax is made on the basis of the taxable income for the year as
determined in accordance with the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax: Deferred income tax is recognized, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable
income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more
subsequent periods. The tax effect is calculated on the accumulated timing differences at the year end based on
tax rates and laws. Enacted or substantially enacted as of the Balance Sheet date.

m) Impairment of Assets:

The management assesses using external and internal sources whether there is any indication that an asset
may be impaired. Impairment of an asset occurs where the carrying value exceeds the present value of cash
flow expected to arise from the continuing use of the asset and its eventual disposal. The provision for
impairment loss is made when recoverable amount of the asset is lower than the carrying amount.

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Mar 31, 2018

a) Basis of Accounting:

The financial statements have been prepared and presented under the historic cost convention on accrual basis to comply in all material respects with the notified Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Act, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. The Accounting Policies have been consistently applied by the Company and are consistent with those used in the previous year. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company’s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013.

b) Use of Estimates:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period Although these estimates are based on the management’s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of Assets or Liabilities in the Future periods.

c) Property, Plant and Equipments:

Fixed assets are stated at cost less depreciation. All costs (excluding CENVAT, VAT and Subsidy), including financing costs till commencement of commercial production and adjustments arising from exchange rate variations relating to borrowings attributable to the fixed assets are capitalized.

d) Depreciation:

Depreciation method, useful lives and residual values are reviewed periodically, including at each financial year end The depreciation is charged for all the depreciable assets only for last 9 months of the financial year since the operations began from the beginning of the second quarter.

e) Inventories:

Inventories have been taken as valued and certified by the Management. The basis of valuation is as under: Raw materials, Stores & Spares - at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower.

Finished goods - at cost or net realizable value on FIFO basis whichever is lower.

f) Retirement benefits:

(i) Company’s contribution to provident fund is charged to Profit & Loss Account.

(ii) Provision has been made in accounts for the future payment of gratuity to the employees of the Company, Pursuant to the payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 however provision has not been made based on the actuarial valuation.

g) Revenue recognition:

Income from operation are accounted Inclusive of GST on accrual basis.

i) Revenue on services are recognized in accordance with accounting standard 9(AS-9) issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India-New Delhi. Revenue accrued but not due at the end of financial year is recognized on proportionate completion basis in profit & loss account as per AS-9.

ii) Dividend from investments is recognized when the right to receive the payment is established.

iii) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the applicable interest rate. Interest income is included under the head “other income-” in the statement of profit and loss.

h) Investments:

Current Investments are valued at cost or market price whichever is lower and in the absence of market quotation, cost price is adopted Long Term Investments are valued at cost.

i) R&D Expenditure:

Capital expenditure is included in the fixed assets and depreciation as per Company’s policy.

Revenue expenditure is charged to profit & loss account of the year in which they are incurred and included in the respective heads of expenditure. j) Borrowing Costs:

Borrowings costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of cost of such asset. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue. k) Cash Flow Statement:

The Cash Flow Statement has been compiled with and is based on the Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2018 and the related Profit and Loss Account for the year ended on that date. The Cash Flow Statement has been prepared under the indirect method as set out in the Accounting Standard - 3 on Cash Flow statement issued by ICAI.

l) Accounting for Taxes on Income:

Current Tax: Provision for Current Income Tax is made on the basis of the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax: Deferred income tax is recognized, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. The tax effect is calculated on the accumulated timing differences at the year end based on tax rates and laws. Enacted or substantially enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. m) Impairment of Assets:

The management assesses using external and internal sources whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. Impairment of an asset occurs where the carrying value exceeds the present value of cash flow expected to arise from the continuing use of the asset and its eventual disposal. The provision for impairment loss is made when recoverable amount of the asset is lower than the carrying amount. n) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:

Provisions in respect of present obligations arising out of past events are made in the accounts when reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligations and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent Liabilities are not recognized but if material, are disclosed in the notes to accounts. Contingent assets are not recognized or disclosed in the financial statements. o) Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents comprise of cash at bank and cash in hand. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less from date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. p) Intangible Assets:

Intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Intangible assets are amortized as per Accounting Standard 26. q) Earning per share:

Basic earning per share is calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The number of shares used in computing diluted earning per share comprises the weighted average number of shares considered for deriving basis earning per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares, which may be issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential shares, unless the results would be anti dilutive. r) Foreign Currency Transactions:

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. Net exchange gain or loss resulting in respect of foreign exchange translations settled during period is recognized in the profit & loss account except for the net exchange gain or loss on account of imported fixed assets, which is adjusted in the carrying amount of the related fixed assets. Foreign currency denominated current assets and current liabilities at the period end are translated at the period end exchange rates and the resulting net gain or loss is recognized in the profit & loss account, except for exchange difference related to fixed assets purchased from foreign countries is adjusted in the carrying amount of related fixed assets.