Yunik Managing Advisors Ltd. இன் கணக்கு குறிப்புகள்

Mar 31, 2025

2.6 Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation, as a result of past
events, and it is probable that an outflow of resources, that can reliably be estimated, will be required to settle
such an obligation. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting
the expected future cash flows to net present value using an appropriate pre-tax discount rate that reflects
current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability.
Unwinding of the discount is recognised in the statement of profit and loss as a finance cost. Provisions are
reviewed at each balance sheet date and are adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.

Contingent liabilities are not recognised but disclosed where the existence of an obligation will only be confirmed
by future events or where the amount of the obligation cannot be measured reliably. Contingent assets are not
recognised, but are disclosed where an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

2.7 Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or
equity instrument of another entity.

(i) Financial assets

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded
at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial
asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit
and loss.

Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company''s business model for managing
the assets and the cash flow characteristics of the assets. There are three measurement categories into
which the Company classifies its debt instruments;

Amortised cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows
represent solely payment of principal and interest (SPPI) are measured at amortised cost. After initial
measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective
interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on
acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in other
income in the profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss.

Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI): Assets that are held for collection of
contractual cash flows and for selling the assets, where the assets'' cash flows represent solely payment of
principal and interest (SPPI), are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Fair value
movements are recognised in the other comprehensive income, except for the recognition of impairment
gains or losses, interest income and foreign exchange gain and losses which are recognised in profit and
loss. When the financial assets is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI
is reclassified from equity to profit or loss. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other
income using the effective interest rate method.

Fair value through profit and loss (FVPL): Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost
or FVOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. Debt instruments included within the FVPL
category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the statement in profit and loss.
Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate
method.

All equity investments in scope of Ind-AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are
held for trading are classified as at FVPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may classify the
same either as at FVTOCI or FVPL. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument
basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

Equity instruments which are classified as FVOCI, all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding
dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to profit and loss,
even on sale of investment. However, the company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within
equity. Equity instruments included within the FVPL category are measured at fair value with all changes
recognised in the profit or loss.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets
carried at amortised cost and FVOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on
whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.

The Company applies the ''simplified approach'' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on trade
receivables. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in
credit risk. Rather, it recognise impairment loss allowance based on lifetime Expected Credit Losses""
(ECL) at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines
that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit
risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However,
if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality
of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial
recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected
life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default
events on a financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date. ECL is the
difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the company in accordance with the contract
and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original
EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:

• All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar
options) over the expected life of the financial instrument. However, in rare cases when the expected
life of the financial instrument cannot be estimated reliably, then the entity is required to use the
remaining contractual term of the financial instrument.

• Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the
contractual terms

ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income/
expense in the statement of profit or loss. This amount is reflected in a separate line in the profit or loss
as an impairment gain or loss.

(ii) Financial liabilities

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and
trade and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs. The measurement of financial liabilities
depends on their classification, as described below: All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair
value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities designated upon initial
recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. For liabilities designated as FVPL, fair value gains/losses
attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in OCI. These gains/loss are not subsequently
transferred to profit or loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.
All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

Financial liabilities at amortized cost

Financial liabilities classified and measured at amortised such as loans and borrowings, trade and other
payable are initially recognized at fair value, net of transaction cost incurred. After initial recognition,
financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the Effective interest rate (EIR)
method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as
through the EIR amortisation process. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount
or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is
included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

De-recognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or
expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially
different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or
modification is treated as the de-recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability.
The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

2.8 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand, short-term deposits with banks with original
maturity of less than three months and short-term highly liquid investments, that are readily convertible into
cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in the principal amount. Bank overdrafts, which are
repayable on demand and form an integral part of the operations are included in cash and cash equivalents.

2.9 Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing the profit/(loss) by the weighted average number of equity
shares outstanding during the year. Earnings considered in ascertaining the Company''s earnings per share are
the profit/(loss) for the year after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes attributable to equity
shareholders. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year and for all years
presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that
have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the profit/(loss) for the year are adjusted for the effects
of changes in income, expenses, tax and dividends that would have occurred had the dilutive potential equity
shares been converted into equity shares. Such adjustments after taking account of tax include preference
dividends or other items related to convertible preference shares, interest on convertible debt and any other
changes in income or expense that would result from the conversion of dilutive potential ordinary shares. The
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential
equity shares.

19. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS:

1. Capital management

The Company manages its capital to ensure that the Company will be able to continue as a going concern while maximising the
return to stakeholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance.

The capital structure of the Company consists of net debt and total equity of the Company.

The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. The Company''s board of directors reviews the capital
structure on an annual basis. The financial tie up for the company are long term in nature as it is in infrastructure business. Therefore
all new capital requirements are duly discussed by the board of directors. The Company monitors its capital using gearing ratio, which
is net debt divided to total equity. Net debt includes borrowings less cash and cash equivalents and other bank balances.

3. Financial risk management objectives

The Company''s Corporate finance department monitors and manages the financial risks relating to the operations of the Company
through internal risk reports which analyse the exposures by degree and magnitude of risks. These risks include market risk (including
currency risk, interest rate risk and other price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.

The Company''s Corporate Treasury function reports quarterly to the Company''s Board of Directors that monitors risks and policies
implemented to mitigate risk exposures.

4. Credit risk management

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Company. The
Company has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining sufficient collateral, where appropriate,
as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults.

Company''s credit risk arises principally from the trade receivables, loans, cash and cash equivalents and other financial assets.

Trade receivables

Trade receivables consist of a large number of customers, spread across diverse industries and geographical areas. Ongoing credit
evaluation is performed on the financial condition of trade receivable and, where appropriate, credit guarantee insurance cover is
purchased. The outstanding trade receivables are regularly monitored and appropriate action is taken for collection of overdue trade
receivables.

Cash and bank balances

The credit risk on liquid funds and other bank deposits is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit-ratings
assigned by international credit-rating agencies.

5. Liquidity risk management

Liquidity risk refers to the risk of financial distress or extraordinary high financing costs arising due to shortage of liquid funds
in a situation where business conditions unexpectedly deteriorate and requiring financing. Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk
management rests with the board of directors. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining reserves and banking facilities, by
continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.

The following tables detail the Company''s remaining contractual maturity for its financial liabilities with agreed repayment periods and
its financial assets. The tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest
date on which the Company can be required to pay. The tables include both interest and principal cash flows.

To the extent that interest flows are floating rate, the undiscounted amount is derived from interest rate curves at the end of the
reporting period. The contractual maturity is based on the earliest date on which the Company may be required to pay.

21 OTHER REGULATORY DISCLOSURE

(i) The company do not hold any Immovable property during the year

(ii) The company do no hold any Property plant and equipment during the year

(iii) The company has not granted loans or advances in the nature of loans to Promoters, Directors, KMPs and the
related parties (as defined under companies Act, 2013) either severally or jointly with any other person, that are
repayable on demand or without specifying any terms or period of repayment.

(iv) The Company does not have any Capital-work-in progress or intangible assets under development, whose
completion is overdue or has exceeded its cost compared to its original plan.

(v) There are no proceedings initiated or pending against the company for holding any benami property under the
Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and the rules made thereunder.

(vi) The company has no borrowings from banks or financial institutions on the basis of security of current assets.

(vii) The company is not declared a wilful defaulter by the banks or financial institution or any other financial lender.

(viii) The company does not have any transactions with the companies struck off under section 248 of the Companies
Act 2013 or section 560 of the Companies Act 1956.

(ix) There are no charges or satisfaction of charges yet to be registered with Registrar of Companies beyond the
statutory period.

(x) The company does not have any subsidiaries.

(xi) There is no scheme of arrangement approved by the competent authority in terms of section 230 to 237 of the
Companies Act 2013.

(xii) No funds have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other
sources or kind of funds) by the company to or in any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities
(“Intermediaries”), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Intermediary shall,
whether, directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or
on behalf of the company (“Ultimate Beneficiaries”) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the
Ultimate Beneficiaries;

(xiii) No funds have been received by the company from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (“Funding
Parties”), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the company shall, whether, directly
or indirectly, lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the
Funding Party (“Ultimate Beneficiaries”) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate
Beneficiaries;

As per our report of even date

For A. P. Rajagopalan & Co., For and on behalf of the Board

Chartered Accountants

Sd/- Sd/- Sd/- Sd/-

R Kirthivasan R Srikanth Priyanka Oka Sagar Pankaj Shah

Partner Director Director Company Secretary

FRN 108321W/M No.041533 DIN: 7923382 DIN: 08066379 Membership No.: 64945

UDIN: 25041533BMKZNK1900

Place: Mumbai Place: Mumbai

Date: 29.05.2025 Date: 29.05.2025

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Mar 31, 2024

c. Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to shares: The company has one class of equity shares of face value of '' 10 each. Every shareholder is entitled to one vote for every shares held. In the event of liquidation the equity shareholders shall be entitled to receive remaining assets of the company after distribution of all dues in proportion of their holdings.

d. In preceding five years the company has not allotted any shares without payment being received in cash and it has not issued bonus shares or bought back any shares.

19. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS :

1. Capital management

The Company manages its capital to ensure that the Company will be able to continue as a going concern while maximising the return to stakeholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance.

The capital structure of the Company consists of net debt and total equity of the Company.

The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. The Company''s board of directors reviews the capital structure on an annual basis. The financial tie up for the company are long term in nature as it is in infrastructure business. Therefore all new capital requirements are duly discussed by the board of directors. The Company monitors its capital using gearing ratio, which is net debt divided to total equity. Net debt includes borrowings less cash and cash equivalents and other bank balances.

3. Financial risk management objectives

The Company''s Corporate finance department monitors and manages the financial risks relating to the operations of the Company through internal risk reports which analyse the exposures by degree and magnitude of risks. These risks include market risk (including currency risk, interest rate risk and other price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.

The Company''s Corporate Treasury function reports quarterly to the Company''s Board of Directors that monitors risks and policies implemented to mitigate risk exposures.

4. Credit risk management

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Company. The Company has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining sufficient collateral, where appropriate, as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults.

Company''s credit risk arises principally from the trade receivables, loans, cash and cash equivalents and other financial assets.

Trade receivables

Trade receivables consist of a large number of customers, spread across diverse industries and geographical areas. Ongoing credit evaluation is performed on the financial condition of trade receivable and, where appropriate, credit guarantee insurance cover is purchased. The outstanding trade receivables are regularly monitored and appropriate action is taken for collection of overdue trade receivables.

Cash and bank balances

The credit risk on liquid funds and other bank deposits is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit-ratings assigned by international credit-rating agencies.

5. Liquidity risk management

Liquidity risk refers to the risk of financial distress or extraordinary high financing costs arising due to shortage of liquid funds in a situation where business conditions unexpectedly deteriorate and requiring financing. Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the board of directors. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining reserves and banking facilities, by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.

The following tables detail the Company''s remaining contractual maturity for its financial liabilities with agreed repayment periods and its financial assets. The tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on which the Company can be required to pay. The tables include both interest and principal cash flows.

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Mar 31, 2016

1. The Company does not have any commitment and contingent liabilities.

2. The Company does not have any dues to micro, small and medium enterprises.

Related Party Disclosures:

a) Related parties where control exists:

i. Holding Companies:

Essar Capital Limited

Essar Satvision Limited (Holding company of Essar Capital Limited)

Essar Capital Holdings (India) Limited [Holding company of Essar Satvision Limited]

ii. Individual owning indirectly an interest in the voting power that gives control:

Smt. Manju S Ruia

iii. Key Management Personnel:

Mr. Ashish Vyas - Manager & Company Secretary, Girish Vyas - Chief Financial Officer

b) Other related parties, where there have been transactions:

Enterprises controlled or significantly influenced by individual or relatives:

Essar Investments Limited

Upto March 22, 2016 - Essar Properties Pvt Limited, Imperial Consultants & Securities Pvt Limited, Futura Travels Limited, Imperial Procurement Services Pvt Limited, Girishan Investment Pvt Limited, Essar Teleholdings Limited.

c) Transactions with related parties are summarised as under:

i) Figures in brackets relates to the previous year.

ii) The names of the related parties are disclosed under each nature of transaction where the transaction with single party is 10% or more of relevant nature of transactions.

3. The Company is having two business segments viz. Consultancy & Advisory Services and Investment Activities. Segment wise data for the year is as under:

4. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Gratuity is payable to all eligible employees of the Company on superannuation, death and permanent disablement in terms of provision of the Payment of Gratuity Act or as per the Company''s scheme whichever is more beneficial. Benefit would be paid at the time of separation based on the last salary drawn base salary.

The Company has also agreed to provide certain Compensated Absences.

Gratuity benefits are funded and Compensated Absences are non-funded.

The following tables summarize the components of net benefit expense recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss and amounts recognized in the balance sheet for respective plans.

5. Previous year figures have been rearranged / regrouped wherever necessary.

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Mar 31, 2015

1. The company does not have any commitment or contingent liabilities.

2. The company does not have any dues to micro, small and medium enterprises.

3. Related Party Disclosures :

a) Related parties where control exists:

i. Holding Companies:

Essar Capital Limited

Essar Satvision Limited (Holding company of Essar Capital Limited)

Essar Capital Holdings (India) Limited [Holding company of

Essar Satvision Limited]

ii. Individual owning indirectly an interest in the voting power that gives control:

Smt. Manju S Ruia

iii. Key Management Personnel:

Mr. Ashish Vyas - Manager & Company Secretary, Girish Vyas - Chief Financial Officer

b) Other related parties, where there have been transactions:

Enterprises controlled or significantly influenced by individual or relatives:

Essar Properties Pvt Limited, Imperial Consultants & Securities Pvt Limited, Futura Travels Limited, Imperial Procurement Services Pvt Limited, Girishan Investment Pvt Limited, Essar Teleholdings Limited, Essar Investments Limited

Notes:

i) Figures in brackets relates to the previous year.

ii) The names of the related parties are disclosed under each nature of transaction where the transaction with single party is 10% or more of relevant nature of transactions.

4. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Gratuity is payable to all eligible employees of the company on superannuation, death and permanent disablement in terms of provision of the Payment of Gratuity Act or as per the company's scheme whichever is more beneficial. Benefit would be paid at the time of separation based on the last salary drawn base salary.

The company has also agreed to provide certain Compensated Absences.

5. Previous year figures have been rearranged / regrouped wherever necessary.

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Mar 31, 2014

1. The company does not have any commitment or contingent liabilities.

2. The company does not have any dues to micro, small and medium enterprises.

3. Related Party Disclosures :

a) Related parties where control exists:

i. Holding Companies:

Essar Capital Ltd

Essar Satvision Ltd (Holding company of Essar Capital Ltd)

Essar Capital Holdings (India) Limited [Holding company of Essar Satvision Ltd]

ii. Individual owning indirectly an interest in the voting power that gives control:

Smt. Manju S Ruia (w.e.f. January 2, 2014), Mr. Anshuman S Ruia (upto January 1, 2014)

iii. Key Management Personnel:

Mr. Ashish Vyas - Manager & Company Secretary

a) Other related parties, where there have been transactions:

Enterprises controlled or significantly influenced by individual or relatives:

Essar Properties Limited, Imperial Consultants & Securities Private Limited, Futura Travels Limited, Imperial Procurement Services Limited, Girishan Investment Limited, Essar Teleholdings Limited, Essar Investments Limited

4. Employee benefits

Gratuity is payable to all eligible employees of the company on superannuation, death and permanent disablement in terms of provision of the Payment of Gratuity Act or as per the company''s scheme whichever is more beneficial. Benefit would be paid at the time of separation based on the last salary drawn base salary.

The company has also agreed to provide certain Compensated Absences.

Gratuity benefits and Compensated Absences are non-funded.

5. Previous year figures have been rearranged / regrouped wherever necessary.

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Mar 31, 2013

1. The company does not have any commitment or contingent liabilities.

2. The company does not have any dues to micro, small and medium enterprises.

3. Related Party Disclosures :

a) Related parties where control exists: i. Holding Companies;

Essar Capital Ltd

Essar Satvision Ltd (Holding company of Essar Capital Ltd) Essar Capital Holdings (India) Ltd [Holding company of Essar Satvision Ltd] ii. Individual owning indirectly an interest in the voting power that gives control: Mr. Anshuman S. Ruia

b) Other related parties, where there have been transactions:

Enterprises controlled or significantly influenced by individual or relatives:

Essar Properties Ltd, Essar Investments Ltd, Imperial Consultants & Securities Private Ltd.

4. Employee benefits

Gratuity is payable to all eligible employees of the company on superannuation, death and permanent disablement in terms of provision of the Payment of Gratuity Act or as per the company''s scheme whichever is more beneficial. Benefit would be paid at the time of separation based on the last salary drawn base salary.

The company has also agreed to provide certain Compensated Absences.

Gratuity benefits and Compensated Absences are non-funded.

The following tables summarize the components of net benefit expense recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss and amounts recognized in the balance sheet for respective plans.

5. Previous year figures have been rearranged / regrouped wherever necessary.

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Mar 31, 2012

Notes:

a. 10,704,557 (RY. 10,704,557) equity shares are held by Essar Capital Ltd, the holding company together with its nominees and Nil by Essar Capital Holdings (India) Limited, the ultimate holding company.)

b. There is no change in number of shares outstanding as at March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011.

1. The company does not have any commitment or contingent liabilities.

2. The company does not have any dues to micro, small and medium enterprises.

3. Related Party Disclosures :

a) Related parties where control exists:

i. Holding Companies:

Essar Capital Ltd

Essar Satvision Ltd (Holding company of Essar Capital Ltd)

Essar Capital Holdings (India) Ltd [Holding company of Essar Satvision Ltd]

ii. Individual owning indirectly an interest in the voting power that gives control: Mr. A S Ruia

b) Other related parties, where there have been transactions:

Enterprises controlled or significantly influenced bv individual or relatives:

Essar Properties Ltd, Essar Investments Ltd, Imperial Consultants & Securities Private Ltd.

Note Figures in brackets relates to the previous year.

4. Previous year figures have been rearranged / regrouped wherever necessary.

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Mar 31, 2010

1) There are no amounts for which the company is contingently liable.

2) Related Party Disclosures :

(a) Related parties where control exists: Holding Companies: Essar Capital Limited

Essar Satvision Limited (Holding company of Essar Capital Limited) Essar Capital Holdings (India) Limited (Holding company of Essar Satvision Limited) Individual owning indirectly an interest in the voting power that gives him control: Mr. A. S. Ruia

(b) Other related parties, where there have been transactions:

Enterprises controlled or significantly influenced by individuals or major shareholders:

Essar Properties Limited, Essar Investments Limited, Imperial Consultants & Securities Private Limited,

3) Previous year figures have been rearranged / regrouped wherever necessary.